EXSS 155 Final exam

Which planes divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

transverse

the hand is ___ to the elbow

distal

which of the following is matched correctly?

all are correctly matches

radial deviation is also known as

abduction

what action is this

adduction/retraction

elbow flexion takes place in the ___ plane

sagittal

what bone is green

parietal

what bone is red

temporal

which image is the anterior view of the scaula?

on the left

where is the spine of the scapula?

E

how many thoracic vertebrae do you have?

12

what is another name for cervical vertebrae #2?

axis

what vertebrae allows for the head to turn “no”?

axis

what bone is #2?

calcaneus

where is the medial cuneiform?

7

the ACL inserts on the ___ surface of the tibia

anterior

what part of a neuron recieves input?

dendrite

shoulder abduction takes place in the ___ plane

frontal

dividing the body into equal right and left halves occurs along the ___ plane.

mid-sagittal

where is calcium stored when skeletal muscle is relaxed?

sarcoplasmic reticulum

in a sarcomere, where is actin anchored?

Z disc

what types of muscle are multi nucleated?

skeletal

what is #3 pointing at?

actin

what is #6?

a band

what is the connective tissue around the fasicle called?

perimysium

wehre is calcium stored during skeletal muscle relaxation?

sarcoplasmic reticulum

the center of the sarcomere where myosin is “anchored” is called

M line

in a motor unit, there is __ motor neuron

one

what type of skeletal muscles are used primarily during a high intensity sprint?

type IIb

which skeletal muscle fibers stain “white” and why?

type IIb; low blood supply

all muscle fibers within a motor unit are the same type

true

what is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction during a 5 second max effort interval?

ATP-PCr

what type of muscle is non striated?

smooth

which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

transverse

what bone is shown?

posterior view of right scapula

what bony landmark is circled?

acromion

at the distal end of the humerus, the trochlea is medial to the

capitulum and lateral epicondyle

which carpal is the most lateral and directly inferior to the radius?

scaphoid

what landmark is indicated by the arrow in the image?

lateral condyle

cranial nerves are a part of the ___ nervous system

peripheral

the innermost meninge, which touches the brain, is known as the ___ mater

pia

where does cerebrospinal fluid circulate?

subarachnoid space

the area in red is known as the posterior median fissure

false

cervical nerve 7 exits the vertebral column ___ cervical vertebrae #7

above

which nerves below the brachial plexus?

C5-T1

what nerve is indicated by the blue arrow>

musculocutaneous

which of the following is NOT a component of a reflex arc?

basal ganglia

humans have 2 parietal and 2 temporal lobes in the cerebrum

true

which is listed correctly from superior to inferior

midbrain, pons, medulla, medulla oblongata

which cranial nerves has sensory and motor functions

V

cranial nerve 7 is the facial nerve

true

what cranial nerve is highlighted in yellow?

trigeminal

the sympathetic nervous system is part of the ___

autonomic nervous system, peripheral nervous system

in what part of the neuron are voltage N and K channels?

axon

what type of synapes allows for two way, rapid communication?

electrical

the autonomic nervous system

all are correct

what neurotransmitter does a cholinergic neuron release?

acetylcholine

adrenergic receptors receive norepinephrine from adrenergic neurons

true

which is NOT part of a reflex arc?

neuromuscular junction

what part of the brain is responsible for the planning and initiation of voluntary movement?

cerebrum

what part of the brain stem is involved in consciousness and arousal as wel; as regulation of heart rate?

medulla oblongata

a stronger stimulus will produce a larger graded potential

true

a stronger stimulus will produce a larger action potential

false

__ is when the resting membrane potential becomes more positive

depolarization

___ summation is when several presynaptic end bulbs release their neurotransmitter to one post synaptic neuron.

spatial

what types of AP conduction is faster? Why?

saltatory; myelin present

the normal amplitude of a nerve cell action potential is ___

100

which of the bones is in ALL walls of the orbit?

sphenoid

which suture is positioned similar to this headband?

coronal

the lambdoid suture unites the two parietal bones to the occipial bone

true

what landmark is circled?

spinous process

where is the transverse process?

arrow pointing to it

the vertical projection on the second cervical vertebrae is called the _-

dens/ odontoid process

an exaggerated lumbar curvature is known as

lordosis

the most superior part of the ___ is called the manubrium

sternum

which bony landmark is the arrow pointing to?

mastoid process

what bone is shaded in blue?

right temporal bone

the ___ ligament is circled

coracoacromial

the blue arrow is pointing to the radial collateral ligament

false

what ligament is circled red?

iliofemoral

the anterior cruciate ligament attaches to the anterior surface of the femur

false

the fibular collateral ligament is also known as the

LCL

how many vertebrae in the vertebral column?

26

what are the 5 vertebral regions?

cervical vertebrae (7)

thoracic vertebrae (12)

lumbar vertabrae (5)

sacrum (5, fused)

coccyx (4, fused)

what does the body of a typical vertebrae do

weight bearing

vertebral arch

pedicles and laminae

what are the 7 processes of a typical vertebrae

2 transverse

1 spinous

4 articular

intervertebral discs are between what and absorb what?

between vertebrae and absorb vertical shock

what permits various movements of the vertebral column?

intervertebral discs

what is a vertebral disc

fibrocartilagenous ring with a pulpy center

what motion does an atlas allow?

anterior and posterior; nodding “yes” via the atlanto occipital joint

what motions does an axis allow?

pivot/rotation; moving head “no” via the atlanto axis joint

what is an atlas?

ring of bone, superior facets for occipital condyles

what is an axis?

dens or odontoid process is body of atlas

what are the 4 normal curves of the vertebral column?

cervical and lumbar, thoracic and sacral

which curves are anteriorly convex curves?

cervical and lumbar what

what curves are anteriorly concave curves?

thoracic and sacral

what are 3 abnormal curvatures of the vertebral column?

scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis

what is scoliosis

lateral bending of the vertebral column

what is kyphosis

exaggerated throacic curvature