Human Biology - Cell Structure Terminology

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the major components of the cell nucleus and the associated endoplasmic reticulum as identified in the lecture material.

Endoplasmic reticulum

A network of membranous tubules and sacs within the cytoplasm, typically continuous with the nuclear membrane.

Lumen

The interior space or cavity within the folds of the endoplasmic reticulum.

Ribosome

A small particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, often found on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, that serves as the site of protein synthesis.

Nuclear envelope

The double-membrane structure that surrounds and protects the nucleus within a eukaryotic cell.

Nucleolus

A prominent structure within the nucleus responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA and the assembly of ribosome subunits.

Nuclear pores

Protein-lined openings in the nuclear envelope that regulate the exchange of materials between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm.

Nucleoplasm

The specialized, semi-fluid protoplasm found inside the nucleus, which contains the chromatin and nucleolus.

Chromatin

The complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.