Language Disorders - Lecture 7 Notes

Types of Clinician-Directed Intervention

1. Drill - High Structure

• provides the most responses BUT child may get bored + not naturalistic

2. Drill Play - Medium

• same as drill but adds more motivation

3. Modelling - Low structure

How to do Drill Structure

• instruct clients expected response

• provide a training stimulus

• use prompts that may be faded

• reinforce correct responses/feedback for incorrect responses

• provide motivating agent

How to do Drill Play

1. Provide an antecedent motivating agent - what happens BEFORE the child produces the target, creates a reason (motivation) to communicate

• Ex. You hold a toy and pause - child is motivated to request

2. Provide a subsequent motivating agent - what happens AFTER the child responds (reinforce and maintain motivation)

How to do Modelling

• model provides multiple presentations of target

• child is asked to “talk like” the model

• child continues producing target alone

• Test child without model using new stimuli

Child-Centered Approaches - Indirect Language Stimulation

• Arrange activity so that opportunities for child to provide target are natural

• No extrinsic reinforces

• no requirement to provide response

• no prompts

• follow child’s lead during play

Techniques used in indirect language system

1. Self-talk and parallel talk -

• Self Talk - describe our own actions while parallel playing (provides match between actions and words)

• Parallel talk - talk about child’s actions

2. Imitation - children often imitate use and the more the child talks the better

3. Expansion - take what child says and expand on it with information and grammar to make it a correct sentence

4. Extensions - add some NEW semantic information to child’s remark

5. Build Ups and Breakdowns - demonstrate how sentences get put together

• expand child’s utterance into complete form

• breakdown into small individual phrases

6. Recast Sentences - expand child’s utterance into different type of sentence.

Characteristics of Hybrid Intervention

• targeting one goal or a small set of specific goals

• clinician controls the selection of materials and activities (has to temp the child)

• clinician models and highlights target

Types of Hybrid Intervention - Focused Stimulation

• arrange context so child is tempted to produce target form

• lots of models of target during play

• provides ‘non corrective’ feedback for errors.

Hybrid Intervention - Vertical Structuring

• uses a particular stimulus

• ask questions to elicit responses from child

• clinicians uses “expansions” to model target

• does not require child to imitate

Hybrid Intervention - Script Therapy - Literacy Based

• plan the language input and choose book/song

• read book to client several times over course of sessions

• pause at points containing the target forms creating a close condition ‘

• have clients read the book

• make up a new book using a similar pattern.

Hybrid Intervention - Script Therapy - Activity Based

• reduces cognitive load by embedding language training in familiar routines

• have some things that always happen in every session

• reenact a script that a child already knows

• disrupt script - look for child to respond.

What is the Hanen Program?

12-14 week intervention program focused on training parents and caregivers to support their childs communication by teaching the parents to follow the child’s lead and listen.

What is the value of the Hanen program?

• parent implemented = more intervention time

• real-life contexts (meals, bath time, etc)

• responsive interaction style

• empowers parents