Chemistry exam review

Matter

Anything that has a mass and volume

Particle theory

All matter is composed of particles, have space between them, are in motion and attract eachother

Pure substance

Only made up of one kind of matter

Element

Made from a single element, can not be broken rown

Compound

Made from atleast 2 or more elements.

Mixtures

Combinations of different pure substances. They dont mix chemically

Mechanical mixture wnr solution

Different substances can be seen, and cannot

Suspension

Cloudy mixture where tiny particles are held together

Physical properties

Describes a substance, can be messured or observer. Ex color, lustre, density

Physical change

When a substances changes state, doesn’t change the substance. Can be the shape, state appearance

Chemical properties

Describes the ability to change into new substances. Can be how they interact

Chemical change

Results In a new substance. Evidence includes change of color, odor, temperature, gas or precipitate formed.

Atomic theory

All matter is made up of atoms. Atoms or a element have the same properties and different ones have different properties. Atoms of Different elements can combine into new substances

Metals

Shiny sliver and grey

Non metals

Only 17, can be liquid solid or gas, brittle and dull

Metalloids

Metal and non metal properties

Alkali metals

Group 1, silver amd Grey and conductive

Alkaline earth metals

Group 2, reactive but not as much as group 1

Transition metals

Group 3-12, metallic chararestics

Halogens

Group 17, non metal, solid liquid or gas, reactive as group 1

Noble gasee

Group 18, colorless, odorless and tasteless

Atom

Building block of matter

Electron affinity

How well a element can hold electrons. Increases as you go towards the top right of the table

Ionic compound

Pure substance, atleast one metal and one metal.

Covalent compound

Pure substance, only non metals.

Molecule

Two or more atoms joined together by a chemical bond

Nucleus

Core of a atom

Multivalent

When atomic ion forms more then 1 atomic charge (iron can be -1 or -2

Polyatomic ion

A group of different elements in a single ion