Lenses and magnification: Waves in matter: Physics: GCSE (9:1)

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Last updated 12:19 AM on 6/7/26
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16 Terms

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Lens

A shaped piece of transparent glass or plastic that forms an image by refracting light

<p>A shaped piece of transparent glass or plastic that forms an image by refracting light</p>
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Convex (converging) lens

A lens that is thicker in the middle than it is at the edges and causes light rays to converge

<p>A lens that is thicker in the middle than it is at the edges and causes light rays to converge</p>
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Concave (diverging) lens

A lens that is thinner in the middle than it is at the edges. and causes light rays to diverge

<p>A lens that is thinner in the middle than it is at the edges. and causes light rays to diverge</p>
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Converge

When light rays move together to meet at a common point

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Diverge

When a light ray splits up or spreads out

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Principal focus (focal point)

The focus of a lens where light rays appear to converge or to diverge from

<p>The focus of a lens where light rays appear to converge or to diverge from</p>
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How a convex lens works

Parallel rays of light move together and are brought to a focus at the principal focus

<p>Parallel rays of light move together and are brought to a focus at the principal focus</p>
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How a concave lens works

Parallel light rays spread out and separate but appear to come from a principle focus on the other side of the lens

<p>Parallel light rays spread out and separate but appear to come from a principle focus on the other side of the lens</p>
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Focal length

The distance from the lens to the principal focus

<p>The distance from the lens to the principal focus</p>
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Real image

An image that can be projected onto a screen

<p>An image that can be projected onto a screen</p>
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Virtual image

An image that appears to come from behind the lens

<p>An image that appears to come from behind the lens</p>
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Type of image formed by convex lens

Real or virtual

<p>Real or virtual</p>
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Type of image formed by concave lens

Always virtual

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Magnification

A measure of the size of an image compared to the size of the object

<p>A measure of the size of an image compared to the size of the object</p>
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Equation for magnification

magnification = image height / object height

<p>magnification = image height / object height</p>
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Units for magnification

Magnification is a ratio so has no units but both heights should be measured using the same unit