Oral exam - Media

follower

A person who supports, watches or copies another person and their ideas or actions e.g on social media

filter bubble

A situation where someone only sees information that matches what they already like or believe, while other views are hidden

to disseminate

An action of spreading information, ideas, or knowledge to many people

supscription

An agreement to regularly receive a service, product, or content usually by paying for it. E.g. follower on social media

paywall

A system that blocks online content unless a person pays to access it.

citizen journalism

When ordinary people report and share news or events, often through social media or online platforms, instead of professional reporters.

freelance journalist

A person who writes and reports news independently, without working permanently for one media company.

polarisation

A situation where people are divided in two or more strongly opposing groups with very different opinions.

to verify

An action of checking and confirming that something is true, accurate or correct.

to undermine

An action of weakening someone’s authority, confidence, or success, often in a subtle or indirect way.

misinformation

A false or incorrect claim that people believe is true, often spread without the intention to deceive.

to tailor

An action of adjusting or adapting something to fit a specific person, situation, or need. e.g. it can be done with content on the internet

to decline

An action of becoming smaller, weaker, or less in amount, importance, or quality.

privacy

The condition of having control over personal space, actions, or details so that others cannot easily observe or interfere.

to result

An action of causing something to happen as a consequence or outcome.

demand

A strong need or desire for something, often shown by many people wanting or requiring it at the same time.

humiliating

Causing someone to feel deeply embarrassed, ashamed, or degraded in front of others.

objection

A statement or feeling of disagreement, usually because something is seen as wrong, unfair, or unacceptable.

concise

Something is short and clear, using only the necessary words without extra details.

to assess

An action of carefully examining or judging something in order to form or decide its value, quality, or importance.

to catch sb’s attention

An action of making someone notice or focus on something, often by being noticeable or interesting.

to be confronted with

An action of facing a difficult situation, problem, or fact directly, often in a sudden or unavoidable way.

to refer to

An action of mentioning something or someone in connection with a topic, or pointing to a source of information for clarification.

appeal

A quality that makes something attractive, interesting, or worth attention.

to pass the time

An action of spending a period doing something to stay occupied, especially when waiting or relaxing.

to correlate with sth

An action of showing a relationship or connection between two things, where changes in one tend to match or relate to changes in the other.

abusive

Describing behaviour that is harsh, harmful, or disrespectful toward someone, often involving mistreatment or insult.

comprehensibility

The quality of being easy enough to understand or follow.

to take sth into account

An action of considering something carefully before making a decision or forming a judgement.

reward

Something given or received as a result of effort, achievement, or good behaviour.

punishment

A negative consequence given to someone because of wrongdoing or breaking rules.

symbolic gesture

A sign that represents an idea, feeling or message rather than having practical effect.

recently

In a short time before the present moment.

to be alarmed by sth

An action of feeling worried, scared, or surprised because something seems dangerous or wrong.

whiteout

A setting that makes your online account private, allowing access only to approved or chosen people.

to observe

An action of carefully watching or noticing something in order to gain information or understand it.

to recall

An action of bringing a memory, fact, or past experience into mind.

to give shape to sth

An action of forming, organizing, or influencing something so it becomes clear, structured, or defined.

public access

A setting that allows anyone on the internet to view a person’s profile, post or activity without restrictions.

to take one’s progress

An action of measuring or checking how far someone has advanced toward a goal or improvement.

to browse

An action of looking through online content or pages carefully, often without searching for one specific thing.

fairly

In a reasonable, just, or balanced way; to a moderate degree

habit

Something a person does regularly, often automatically because it has been repeated many times.

to amount to

An action of adding up to a total or resulting in a particular outcome.

remaining

Still left or not yet used, finished, or removed.

purposeful

Done with a clear intention, goal, or reason

innocent

Not guilty of wrongdoing, harm or bad intentions; harmless and without blame

absence

The state of not being present or the lack of something that is expected to be there.

to reclaim

An action of getting something back that was lost, taken away, or not longer under one’s control.

junk food

Something to eat that is quick and easy to eat but usually unhealthy because it contains too much sugar, fat, or salt and few nutrients.

to evolve

An action of gradually developing, changing, or improving over time into a more advanced form.

uncertainty

A state of not being sure about something or not knowing what will happen or whether something is true.

push notification

A message sent by an app or service that appears on a device screen to alert or update a user even when the app is not open.

to exploit sth

An action of using something or someone in a way that takes advantage of them, often unfairly, in order to gain benefit or profit.

agency

The power to act independently and make decisions for oneself

dependency

A situation where someone or something relies on another person or thing for support, help, or functioning.

infinite

Something that has no end or limit and continues without stopping.

distraction

Something that takes attention away from what someone is trying to focus on.

to regain

An action of getting something back that was lost, reduced, or taken away.

to target sb

An action of directing something at a specific person, often with a goal such as influencing, affecting, or reaching them.

to participate

An action of being involved in an activity, event, or process together with others.

media literacy

The ability to understand, evaluate, and critically interpret messages from online sources such as news, social networks, and advertising.

bias

Synonym for prejudice, A tendency to favor one idea, person, or perspective over others, often in a way that is not completely fair or balanced.

unbiased

Showing no preference or favour toward any side; fair and balanced in judgment or presentation.

instant gratification

The feeling of pleasure or satisfaction that comes immediately after doing or getting something, without waiting for it.

tabloid

A type of newspaper or media outlet that focuses on sensational stories, celebrity news, and entertainment, often simplified or dramatic style

factual

Based on real events or true information, not opinions or guesses.

straightforward

Simple, clear, and easy to understand without unnecessary complexity.

coverage

The amount or extent to which a topic, event, or issue is reported or included in media or discussion.

to modify sth

An action of changing or adjusting something in order to improve it, make it different, or fit a new purpose.

first-hand account

A description or report of an event from someone who directly experienced or witnessed it.

footage

Recorded video material showing real events, often used in news or documentaries.

accuracy

The quality of being correct, exact, or free from errors.

deliberately

On purpose; doing something with clear intention rather than by accident.

to deceive sb

An action of making someone believe something that is not true , often by tricking or misleading them.

to advocate sth

An action of publicly supporting or promoting an idea, cause, or policy.

to contradict sth/sb

An action of saying or showing the opposite of something, making two statements or ideas that don’t agree with each other.

to mislead sb

An action of giving someone wrong or unclear information so they form an incorrect idea or belief.

broadsheet

A type of newspaper that focuses on serious news and in-depth reporting, usually presented in a large format

attention-grabbing

Designed to quickly attract interest or focus, often by being very noticeable or striking.

in-depth

Covering a topic in a very detailed and thorough way, with a lot of information and explanation.

user-generated content

Online material created and shared by ordinary people rather than professional media producers or companies.

online addiction

A strong and hard-to-control urge to spend excessive time using the internet, even when it causes problems in daily life.

news desert

A place or community where there is no local news coverage because few or no journalists or news outlets operate there.