CHEMISTRY EXAM SEASON - TERM 3

What do acids release when dissolved in water?

Acids release H+ ions when dissolved in water.

What is an alkali?

An alkali is a base that is soluble in water.

What occurs during neutralisation?

Neutralisation occurs when hydrogen ions (H+) from an acid combine with hydroxide ions (OH−) from a base to form water.

What is the general equation for neutralisation?

ACID + BASE = Salt + Water.

What are the properties of common salts?

Salts have high melting and boiling points, are often soluble in water, and can conduct electricity when molten or dissolved.

How do salts conduct electricity?

Salts do not conduct electricity in solid form but conduct when molten or aqueous because the ions are free to move.

What is citric acid used for in food?

Citric acid is used in food preservation to prevent bacteria from growing.

What is a common use of hydrochloric acid?

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach is used for digestion and helps break down proteins.

What is sodium hydroxide commonly used for?

Sodium hydroxide is used in drain cleaners to dissolve grease and hair.

How are antacids utilized in medicine?

Antacids are mild bases used to neutralise excess stomach acid to relieve heartburn.

Why is ammonium nitrate used in agriculture?

Ammonium nitrate is used as a fertilizer to provide plants with essential nitrogen.

Why is sodium chloride used in winter?

Sodium chloride is spread on roads to lower the freezing point of water, melting ice.