Life Sceince 11 - Genetics Test

Alleles

Alleles are different versions of the same gene. They can cause differences in traits, like eye color or hair type.

Genes

Genes are sections of DNA that control traits. They tell your body how to grow and function.

Genotypes

Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism. It refers to the combination of alleles a person has for a trait.

Phenotypes

Phenotype is the physical appearance of a trait. It is what you can see, like brown eyes or tall height.

Heterozygous

Heterozygous means having two different alleles for a trait. An example is having one dominant and one recessive allele.

Homozygous

Homozygous means having two identical alleles for a trait. The alleles can both be dominant or both recessive.

Dominant

A dominant allele is expressed even if only one copy is present. It overtakes the effect of a recessive allele.

Recessive

A recessive allele is only expressed if two copies are present. It can be hidden if a dominant allele is also there.

Codominance

Codominance happens when both alleles are fully expressed/shown. An example is AB blood type, where both A and B traits appear.

Incomplete Dominance

Incomplete dominance happens when neither allele is completely dominant. The result is a blended trait, like red and white flowers producing pink flowers.

Carrier

A carrier has one recessive allele for a trait but does not show it. They can pass the recessive allele to their children.