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27 Terms
What is the rocky outer layer of the earth we live on?
Crust
What layer of the earth is a thick layer of hot solid rock?
Mantle
What is the large sphere of molten metal that forms the center of the earth?
Core
What are plate tectonics?
The theory that pieces of the crust’s outermost layer, called plates, move slowly over the course of a year.
What are the two types of plates
Oceanic and continental
What are Divergent plate boundaries?
They occur when oceanic plates move apart causing magma to rise to the earths surface
What are convergent plate boundaries?
They form in areas where plates move toward each other and collide, creating mountains
What are transform fault boundaries
They occur when plates move sideways past each other
What are the 3 basic types of rocks?
Igneous, sedimentary, and Metamorphic.
What are Igneous rocks
They form when magma cools and solidifies. Ex. basalt, obsidian, and granite.
What is sedimentary rock
Forms overtime as sediment is layered, squeezed, and solidified. Ex. Sandstone, limestone, coal, and shale.
What is metamorphic rock?
Forms when a rock is transformed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions. Ex. Slate, marble, and quartzite
How much of the earths surface is water?
71%
What form is most of earths liquid fresh water in?
Groundwater
What are the 3 stages of the water cycle.
Evaporation, Condensation, and precipitation
What is evaporation?
When the sun causes water on earths surface to convert from a liquid to a gas
What is condensation
When water vapor rises and cools turning back into a liquid ,forming clouds
What is precipitation
When water falls down from the sky, rain
What temp does water freeze
32 degrees Fahrenheit
What percent of the water on earth is salt water?
97%
What gases make up the earths atmosphere?
Nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide
What precent of the earths atmosphere is Nitrogen
78%
What precent of the earths atmosphere is Oxygen
21%
What precent of the earths atmosphere is Argon
1%
What precent of the earths atmosphere is carbon dioxide
0.4%
What are the layers of the atmosphere from lowest to highest
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
What is the tr