DRRR

Exposure

The elements at risk from a natural or man-made hazard.

Hazard

A phenomenon or human activity that may result in loss of life, injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation.

Vulnerability

The condition determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental factors that increase the susceptibility of a community to the impacts of hazards.

Reduction of vulnerability and exposure

Possible by keeping people and property as distant as possible from hazards.

Severity of exposure

Measures those affected by disaster, with the highest risk of mental problems being those who experience disaster first-hand.

Impact on Gender and Family

The female gender suffers more adverse effects, especially worsened by the presence of children and strain on marital relationships.

Age-related impacts

Adults aged 40 to 60 experience more stress after disasters, while children exhibit more stress than adults.

Economic status and disasters

Severe mental problems from disasters are more prevalent in developing countries than in developed countries.

Factors Underlying Disasters

Includes climate change, environmental degradation, globalized economic development, poverty and inequity, poorly planned and managed urban development, and weak governance.

Climate Change

Alterations to the world’s climate caused by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.

Environmental Degradation

Degradation of the environment resulting from practices like deforestation, which can increase disaster risk.

Globalized Economic Development

Results in increased polarization between the rich and poor and increased exposure of assets in hazard-prone areas.

Poverty and Inequality

The lack of access to insurance and social protection forces people in poverty to use their limited assets for disaster losses.

Poorly Planned and Managed Urban Development

Rapid urbanization and high population density can create risks, especially in contexts of widespread poverty.

Weak Governance

Inability or unwillingness of public sector actors to protect rights and provide basic services, leading to disaster risk concentration in lower-income countries.