Mom

Suffrage Movement

A movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries aiming to secure women's right to vote.

Monopoly

A market structure where a single seller dominates the market, reducing competition and controlling prices.

Progressive Reformers

Individuals, including women like Jane Addams, who worked to address social issues related to labor, education, and poverty.

Gospel of Wealth

A philosophy held by Andrew Carnegie that the wealthy have a responsibility to use their riches for the betterment of society.

Knights of Labor

A national labor organization founded in 1869 that advocated for broad reforms, including an 8-hour workday.

Hetch Hetchy

A controversial dam project in Yosemite National Park that sparked debate between conservationists and developers.

Yellow Journalism

A style of journalism that exaggerates or sensationalizes news to attract readers, prominent during the Spanish-American War.

Political Machines

Corrupt organizations that controlled local governments, offering services in exchange for votes.

Child Labor

The practice of employing children in factories, often in hazardous conditions, which faced increasing opposition during the Progressive Era.

Muckrakers

Journalists who investigated and exposed corruption in business and government, prompting social reforms.

Immigrant Labor

Labor provided by immigrants, particularly from Southern and Eastern Europe, who filled low-paying factory jobs.

Tenement Houses

Overcrowded and poorly constructed apartment buildings where many poor immigrant families resided.

Nativism

A political policy favoring the interests of native inhabitants over those of immigrants, often resulting in discrimination.

Populism

A political movement primarily among farmers advocating for issues such as direct election of senators and government control of railroads.

American Imperialism

The policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, notably evident after the Spanish-American War.

Strikes

Work stoppages initiated by labor unions to protest against working conditions or wages, often leading to violent confrontations.

Ethnic Enclaves

Communities where immigrants of the same nationality settle together to maintain cultural identity.

Philippine-American War

A conflict that lasted from 1899 to 1902, following the U.S. acquisition of the Philippines, leading to the establishment of colonial rule.

Sherman Antitrust Act

A federal law enacted in 1890 aimed at breaking up monopolies and preventing anti-competitive business practices.

Urban Issues

Problems caused by rapid urbanization, such as overcrowding, poor sanitation, and poverty, that prompted Progressive reforms.

Integration vs. Assimilation

The debate over whether immigrants should integrate into American society while retaining their cultural identities or assimilate into mainstream culture.

US-Philipino

A complex diplomatic relationship shaped by colonization, military alliances, trade partnerships, and cultural exchanges, particularly post-Spanish-American War.