Relg 222

Scopes Trial

A legal case in which John Scopes was tried for teaching evolution in Dayton, TN.

John Scopes

Defendant in the Scopes Trial, a teacher who taught evolution.

Clarence Darrow

Defense attorney in the Scopes Trial, pro-science advocate, aimed to defend education.

William Jennings Bryan

Prosecutor in the Scopes Trial, defended religion against perceived atheism.

Scopes Trial Media Narrative

Painted religious folks as unreasonable, language like “hicks” and “yokels.”

Climax of Scopes Trial

Darrow questioned Bryan as an expert on religion, leading Bryan to admit to metaphorical interpretations of Genesis.

Citizens for Decent Literature

An organization formed by Charles Keating aimed at promoting anti-pornography literature and initiatives.

Perversion for Profit

An anti-porn documentary produced by Charles Keating that used unsubstantiated claims as factual (ex: 70-90% of porn ends up in children’s hands)

Ronald Reagan

U.S. president who supported the anti-porn movement and neglected the AIDS crisis.

Abe Fortas

Supreme Court Justice attacked by the Citizens for Decent Literature for his liberal views. Chief Justice nomination withdrawn.

Richard Nixon

U.S. president who appointed Keating to the Presidential Commission for Obscenity & Pornography.

Strum Thurman

Senator who used the anti-porn movement as a cover for his segregationist views.

Henry Loeb

Mayor of Memphis who used anti-porn rhetoric against perceived moral decay and to preserve Supreme Court as “enemy.”

Presidential Commission on Obscenity and Pornography

A commission that studied the effects of pornography and concluded it didn't lead to crime; its findings were dismissed by Nixon.

New Right

A conservative political movement that emerged under Reagan emphasizing traditional Christian values.

Roe v Wade

Supreme Court case that protected the right to abortion.

Pro-Life Movement Stages

Three stages of conservative Christians adopting a pro-life stance after Roe v. Wade.

1. 1973 - Roe v Wade, no consensus

2. 70s-80s - Whatever Happened to the Human Race? released, anti-abortion picks up

3. 80s-90s - Local congregations screen film, take pro-life stance

C. Everett Koop

Surgeon General who advocated for safe sex education but faced rejection from Reagan's administration.

William Bennett

Wrote the White House AIDS report that focused on abstinence and opposed sex education.

Ryan White

A teenager whose case brought national attention to AIDS after he contracted it from a blood transfusion.

Israel in Conservative Thought

Seen as a military model for conservatives, especially after the Six Day War.

Late Great Planet Earth

An apocalyptic book using current events to support biblical prophecy (i.e. rise of Israel)

First Amendment Free Exercise Clause

Protects the right to practice religion, with limitations regarding public order.

First Amendment Establishment Clause

Prohibits the U.S. government from establishing an official religion.

Michael Broyde

Orthodox rabbi and expert on Jewish law who supported the plaintiffs in Warner v Boca Raton. Emphasized not stepping on graves, leaving markers after visits, and no diminishment of grave status.

Winnifred Sullivan

Supporter of the plaintiffs in Warner v Boca Raton, emphasizing memorializing death. Did not define religion in testimony.

Whatever Happened to the Human Race?

Anti-abortion documentary series, claimed human life was sacred as it is in the image of God

Understanding AIDS

Mailer sent out by C. Everett Koop, had facts and debunked claims about AIDS

Richard & Miriam Warner

Boca Raton plaintiffs, placed ground covers and edging stones on family graves

Payne family

Placed Stars of David on their family grave

Surgeon General AIDS Report

Advocated safe sex education, including condoms. Blocked by anti-obscenity laws.

Bennett AIDS Report

Promoted abstinence, anti-sex ed

Exodus

Paul Newman film about Israel’s founding, repositioned Jews as white.

Israel & Vietnam

Americans viewed Israel’s actions in the Six Day War as how they should’ve acted in Vietnam— fast, concise, motivated, rather than slow and unmotivated.