Introduction to Psychology

These flashcards cover key concepts in psychology from the introduction and history covered in the lecture notes.

Psychology

The scientific study of the mind and behavior.

Hypothesis

A tentative explanation proposed to explain a phenomenon, which can be tested through observation and experimentation.

Theory

A broad explanation or group of explanations consistently supported by evidence over time.

Empirical

Based on observable and measurable data.

Structuralism

An early school of psychology that focused on the contents of mental processes.

Functionalism

A perspective in psychology that focuses on the function of behavior and mental processes.

Psychoanalytic Theory

Freud's theory emphasizing the role of the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences.

Behaviorism

A school of thought that focuses on observable behavior and the ways it can be learned and unlearned.

Classical Conditioning

A form of learning behavior where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus to elicit a response.

Unconditional Positive Regard

A concept in client-centered therapy where the therapist accepts the client without judgment.

Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow's theory that human behavior is motivated by a hierarchy of needs, from basic survival to self-actualization.

Gestalt Psychology

A perspective that emphasizes the idea that the whole of experience is greater than the sum of its parts.

Client-Centered Therapy

A therapeutic approach where the client takes an active role, and the therapist provides support through empathy and acceptance.