Bone Tissue Structure and Types: Lab Review for Anatomy

Bone Matrix

The structural framework of bone, consisting of organic and inorganic components.

Organic Component of Bone Matrix

Collagen fibers that provide flexibility.

Function of Collagen in Bone

Provides flexibility.

Inorganic Component of Bone Matrix

Hydroxyapatite/mineral salts that provide hardness.

Function of Minerals in Bone

Provides strength.

Vinegar Bone Experiment

Acid removes minerals, resulting in softer and more flexible bone.

Result of Vinegar on Bone

Softer and more flexible.

Baked Bone Experiment

Heat damages collagen, resulting in brittle, crumbly, and flaky bone.

Result of Heat on Bone

Brittle, crumbly, and flaky.

Epiphysis

Ends of a long bone.

Diaphysis

Shaft of a long bone.

Medullary Cavity

Center cavity of a long bone.

Compact Bone

Dense outside layer of bone.

Spongy Bone

Porous inside layer of bone.

Osteon

Basic structural unit of compact bone.

Central (Haversian) Canal

Contains blood vessels in an osteon.

Lamellae

Rings of bone matrix in an osteon.

Lacunae

Spaces that contain osteocytes in bone.

Osteocytes

Bone cells located in lacunae.

Canaliculi

Tiny channels that connect lacunae.

Volkmann's Canal

Perforating canal that connects osteons.

Types of Bone

Includes long, short, flat, and irregular bones.

Long Bone Example

Femur.

Short Bone Example

Carpals.

Flat Bone Example

Sternum.

Irregular Bone Example

Vertebrae and patella.