BIO A 487

Sagittal

divides body into left and right

Coronal/Frontal

divides the body into anterior and posterior

Transverse

Posterior

the back or rear of the body or a body part

Anterior

the front or forward of the body or a body part

Superior

towards the head or upper part of the body, or above another structure

Inferior

away from the head or toward the bottom of the body or below a structure

Proximal

nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body

Distal

parts of the body further away from the center

Lateral

the sides of the body or a body part, away from the midline or the center of the body

Medial

the middle or inner part of a structure or body part, structures relative to the midline of the body

Long Bones

All of the bones in the arms and legs, except the patella, and bones of the wrist, and ankle

Diaphysis

the main, long, tubular section of a long bone (shaft)

Metaphysis

the wide portions of long bones

Epiphysis

the rounded end of a long bone, responsible for joint formation and growth

Short Bones

cube-shaped, having roughly equal length, width, and thickness: carpal (wrist) and tarsal (ankle) bones

Flat Bones

thin, plate-like shape and primary function of providing protection and broad surfaces for muscle attachment: skull, ribs, sternum, and scapula

Irregular Bones

vary in shape and structure and therefore do not fit into any other category

Sesamoid Bones

small, embedded bones found within tendons, primarily around joint (kneecap)

Humerus

the largest bone of the upper extremity (arm)

Humeral Head

Anatomical Neck

Surgical Neck

Greater Tubercle

Lesser Tubercle

Interubercular (Bicipital) Groove

Crest of the Greater Tubercle

Crest of the Lesser Tubercle

Humeral Shaft

Radial (Spiral) Groove

Deltoid Tuberosity

Nutrient Foramen

Capitulum

Trochlea

Lateral Epicondyle

Medial Epicondyle

Lateral Supracondylar Ridge

Medial Supracondylar Ridge

Coronoid Fossa

Olecranon Fossa

Radial Fossa

Radius

Radial Head

Neck

Radial Tuberosity

(Anterior) Oblique Line

Interosseous Crest

Nutrient Foramen

Shaft

Ulnar Notch

Groove for Extensor Carpi Radialis

Groove for Extensor Pollicis Longus

Articular Surface for Lunate

Articular Surface for Scaphoid

Styloid Process

Ulna

Olecranon

Trochlear (Semilunar) Notch

Coronoid Process

Radial Notch

Ulnar Tuberosity

Shaft

Interosseous Crest

Nutrient Foramen

Head

Articular Circumference

Styloid Process

Groove for Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Tendon

Scapula

Costal Surface

Dorsal Surface

Lateral (Axillary) Border

Medial (Vertebral) Border

Superior Border

Superior Angle

Inferior Angle

Glenoid Fossa

Supraglenoid Tubercle

Infraglenoid Tubercle

Coracoid Process

Scapular Spine

Acromion

Supraspinous Fossa

Infraspinous Fossa

Subscapular Fossa

Suprascapular Foramen/Notch

Clavicular Facet

Clavicle

Acromial End

Articular Facet for the Acromion

Conoid Tubercle

Oblique Ridge (Trapezoid Line)

Sternal End

Articular Facet for the Manubrium

Costal Tuberosity

Sternum

Gladiolus/Body

Xiphoid Process

Manubrium

Clavicular Notches