PS Unit 5 Energy
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50 Terms
Chemical Reaction
A process in which substances change into new substances.
Energy
The ability to do work or cause change.
Thermal Energy
The total energy of moving particles in matter; often called heat energy.
Heat
Energy transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object.
Temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles.
Endothermic Reaction
A reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings.
Exothermic Reaction
A reaction that releases energy to its surroundings.
System
The substances involved in a reaction being studied.
Surroundings
Everything outside the system.
Absorb
To take in energy.
Release
To give off energy.
Chemical Bond
A force that holds atoms together.
Bond Breaking
The process of separating atoms; requires energy.
Bond Formation
The process of atoms joining together; releases energy.
Activation Energy
The minimum amount of energy needed to start a reaction.
Combustion
A chemical reaction that burns fuel and releases energy.
Photosynthesis
The process plants use to convert sunlight into chemical energy.
Respiration
The process cells use to release energy from food.
Reaction Rate
The speed at which a chemical reaction happens.
Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion.
Potential Energy
Stored energy due to position or arrangement.
Cold Pack
An example of an endothermic reaction that absorbs heat.
Hand Warmer
An example of an exothermic reaction that releases heat.
Energy Transfer
The movement of energy from one place to another.