P3 - Density of Materials

What is the equation for density?

density = mass / volume or $\rho=\frac{m}{V}$

What is density measured in?

kg/m³

What is density?

Amount of mass per amount of space.

What is the arrangement of solids?

Strong forces hold particles close together in a fixed, regular arrangement.

What is the energy of solids?

Not much energy - vibrate around fixed points.

What is the density of solids?

Generally highest out of the states of matter.

What is the arrangement of liquids?

Weaker forces hold particles close together, but they can move past each other and form irregular arrangements.

What is the energy of liquids?

More energy than solids, move in random directions at low speeds.

What is the density of liquids?

Generally slightly less than solids.

What is the arrangement of gases?

Almost no forces of attraction between particles so they are free to move.

What is the energy in gases?

More energy than liquids, move in random directions at a range of higher speeds.

What is the density of gases?

Generally much lower than liquids.

How do you find the density of a irregular solid object?

Use a mass balance to measure its mass. Fill a Eureka can until water flows out of the spout. Place a beaker underneath the spout. Carefully place in the object to the Eureka can. Measure the volume of water displaced using a measuring cylinder. Find density using the equation density = mass / volume.

How do you find the density of a liquid?

Place a measuring cylinder on a mass balance and zero the balance. Pour 10ml of the liquid into the measuring cylinder and measure the mass. Pour another 10ml into the cylinder until it is full, recording total volume and mass each time. For each measurement, use the formula to find density. Take an average from all calculated densities.