Anti-Viral Drugs

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to antiviral drugs, their indications, mechanisms, and nursing considerations as presented during the lecture.

What suffix is commonly associated with antiviral drugs?

The suffix 'vir' is commonly used.

Identify a common antiviral medication used for HSV.

Acyclovir is a common antiviral for HSV.

What is the mechanism of action for antivirals?

Antivirals reduce viral replication but do not cure viral infections.

What side effect is associated with acyclovir?

Nephrotoxicity is a key side effect of acyclovir.

Name an antiviral drug used to treat influenza.

Oseltamivir is used to treat influenza.

What family of viruses does herpes virus belong to?

Herpes viruses include Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella Zoster Virus.

What types of herpes simplex viruses exist?

There are HSV-1 and HSV-2.

What conditions can acyclovir treat?

Acyclovir can treat cold sores, genital herpes, and shingles.

How does acyclovir work at a cellular level?

It inhibits viral DNA replication.

What is valacyclovir in relation to acyclovir?

Valacyclovir is the prodrug of acyclovir.

What special considerations are there for intravenous (IV) administration of acyclovir?

Hydration is important and IV fluids should be monitored closely.

How often should the affected area be washed when using topical herpes antivirals?

The affected area should be washed three to four times per day.

What should patients be reminded about the nature of antivirals?

Antivirals do not kill viruses; they prevent further replication.

What are the adverse effects of topical acyclovir?

It can cause burning and itching at the application site.

What are the forms of administration for acyclovir?

Acyclovir can be administered IV, orally, or topically.

What is the main therapy for influenza?

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is the main therapy for influenza.

What does oseltamivir mimic to prevent viral replication?

Oseltamivir mimics sialic acid.

How should oseltamivir be taken to minimize gastrointestinal upset?

Oseltamivir should be taken with food.

What critical time frame is important for taking oseltamivir?

It should be taken within 48 hours of symptom onset.

What are two common side effects associated with oseltamivir?

Nausea and vomiting are common side effects.

What should patients report when taking oseltamivir?

Any neuropsychiatric events should be reported.

What is the role of hydration when administering acyclovir?

Hydration helps prevent nephrotoxicity.

What condition does varicella zoster virus primarily cause?

Varicella zoster virus primarily causes shingles.

What is the reference for proper dilution and infusion of acyclovir?

Pharmacy will dilute and slow the IV infusion to avoid complications.

How can the transmission of herpes viruses be reduced?

Using protective measures during outbreaks helps reduce transmission.

What should patients avoid during treatment with antivirals?

Patients should avoid sharing medications with partners.

Why are antivirals not considered a cure for herpes?

The virus remains dormant in the central nervous system.

How is zanamivir administered as an antiviral?

Zanamivir is administered via inhalation.

What is the outcome when using antivirals for herpes?

The resolution of lesions and pain, but not a cure.

What nursing consideration is important for topical antivirals?

Educate about contagion risk and the use of gloves.

What adverse effect is associated with zanamivir use?

Neuropsychiatric effects are a rare side effect.

What is the significance of the mechanism of action for antivirals?

They suppress synthesis of viral DNA.

What is essential to monitor during IV acyclovir treatment?

Renal function needs to be monitored.

What is true about how antivirals interact with the immune system?

Antivirals do not boost the immune response.

What is an important teaching point for patients receiving antivirals?

Patients should always finish their therapy.