AcaDec Roraing 20s Art: Artists and Schools

Giotto di Bondone

Famous frescoes; blends Gothic and Renaissance

Leonardo da Vinci

Renaissance inventor, architect, engineer, painter, sculptor, scientist; developed sfumato; known for the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper

Michelangelo di Buonarotti

Renaissance sculptor and painter; known for the marble David and the Sistine Chapel

Donatello

Renaissance "father of modern sculpture;" known for the bronze David

Albrecht Durer

Northern Renaissance artist; combined northern naturalism and southern theories; known for copper engravings and woodcuts

El Greco

Early Baroque artist, student of Titian; known for theatrical sculptures in dramatic poses

Diego Velazquez

Spanish Baroque artist, court painter to King Philip IV; unconventionally employed color and inspired later impressionists

Jacques Louis David

Leader of the Neoclassical movement; propaganda artist for Napoleon; painted with republican themes

Edouard Manet

Considered the first Impressionist; known for Luncheon on the Grass

Claude Monet

Inspired the name of Impressionism with Impression, Sunrise

Paul Cezanne

Post-Impressionist whose geometric forms inspired cubists

Vincent van Gough

Post-Impressionist whose emotions dictated colors; known for Starry Night and Night Cafe

Marcel Duchamp

Central figure in Dada, Cubism, and Surrealism; known for Nude Descending a Staircase and his ready-mades, which turned everyday objects into art; father of conceptual art

Frank Stella, David Smith, Dan Flavin

Minimalists, utilized hard edges and abstractions

Chuck Close, Duane Hanson

Photorealists

Vasily Kandinsky, William de Kooning, Lee Krasner, Franz Kline

Abstract Impressionists; used action and color field painting

National Academy of Design

Conservative school which preferred narrative paintings and Impressionist landscapes, favored by exhibitions until after WWI

Ashcan School

Founded by Robert Henri, broke from traditional paintings; characterized by thick impasto brushwork; depicted working-class entertainment and poor neighborhoods

Robert Henri

Founder of the Ashcan School and leader of The Eight

The Eight

A group of Ashcan painters including Henri, Glackens, Shinn, Lawson, Sloan, Luks, Prendergast, and Davies

1913 International Exhibition of Modern Art

European Avant-Garde showcased to Americans; known as the Armory Show; inspired collection and innovation

Alfred Steiglitz

Modernist and Pictorialist; known for Camera Work; hosted many galleries, including 291 Gallery, Intimate Gallery, and An American Place; known as a patron of the arts

Charles Demuth

Leader in American Precisionism, studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts; known for I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold and other modern and distinctly American styles; also a homosexual

Georgia O'Keeffe

Modernist, studied at the School of the Art Institute in Chicago, joined the Stieglitz group in New York (and married Stieglitz); utilized biomorphic abstraction and musical elements

Imogen Cunningham

Modernist photographer (Pictorialism and New Objectivity), studied chemistry at the University of Washington, married painter George Roy Washington, known for detailed abstract photographs

Group f/64

Group of photographers interested in contrast and focus, named after the aperture control on a camera; included Weston, Cunninghman, Lavenson, Adams, Van Dyck, and Kanaga

Man Ray

Surrealist photographer who developed the Rayograph, born to Jewish immigrants in Philadelphia; associated with the Ashcan School Stieglitz, and Duchamp

William Van Allen

Architect, studied at thh Pratt Institute and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts; designed the Chrysler Building

Charles Dana Gibson

Illustrator who designed a rich, Euro-American, upper-class woman concept (the Girl), who contrasted with the Ashcan School

Guy Pene Du Bois

Jazz age painter, studied in Paris and New York, resided in Westport, Connecticut; explored cultural and gender norms; famous for a painting which resembled Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney

Florine Stettheimer

Camp style painter, born in Rochester, studied at Art Students League of New York; known for colorful, fantastic paintings and intentionally "amateurish" style

James Van Der Zee

Portrait photographer, born in Lenox, Massachusetts, self-taught photography in New York City, opened his own studio; known for presenting Black people fashionably

Archibald Motley, Jr.

Painter, grew up in Louisiana and Chicago, studied at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago; began with academic objective portraits, supported by the Guggenheim foundation; known for saturated color palate and scenes of nightlife, taught at Howard University

Thomas Hart Benton

Muralist born in Neosho, Missouri, studied at the Art Institute of Chicago and the Academie Julian, considered very Midwestern, known for America Today murals, funded (with supplies) by the New School in New York

Gerald Murphy

Modernist and Purist painter, studied literature at Yale, wealthy family, lived for a time on the French Riviera, known for Purism: clean lines with minimal shading

Meta Warrick Fuller

Scuplter, studied in Paris under Auguste Rodin and worked in Framington, Massachusetts, known for her support of the Pan-African movement

Yasuo Kuniyoshi

Folk artist, born in Japan and immigrated to the US as a teenager, studied at the Art Students League, combined Japanese and American styles

Frank Lloyd Wright

Very famous architect, studied at the University of Wisconsin; known for Prairie style homes

Maria and Julian Martinez

Indigenous American artists, practiced pottery making and painting, respectively, as passed down through their family; known for a black-on-black technique using slip

Charles Sheeler

Painter and photographer, studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and in Paris, self-taught photography; interest in Precisionism and the machine age; worked for corporate clients

Tina Modotti

Photographer and propagandist, born in Italy, moved to San Francisco and Mexico City; communist and supporter of indigenous people

Aaron Douglas

Painter, studied at University of Nebraska and worked as a high school art teacher, encouraged by Charles S. Johnson and Winold Reiss; made illustrations for James Weldon Johnson's book God's Trombones; known for large-scale murals and paintings focused on the history of Black people in America