2nd note

Food Additives

Substances added to food to create different food products, regulated and approved before use.

Regulation

The process of controlling and overseeing food additives to ensure safety and compliance with laws.

GRAS

Generally Recognized as Safe, a classification for substances considered safe for use in food based on history or scientific evidence.

Prior-sanctioned substances

Substances approved by FDA or USDA before the 1958 food additives law for use in food.

Indirect Additives

Substances that become part of food unintentionally during production, processing, or packaging.

Direct Additives

Compounds intentionally added to foods for specific functions like flavoring or coloring.

Antimicrobial agents/preservatives

Food additives that aim to kill microorganisms to prevent spoilage and illness.

Coloring agents

Dyes or pigments added to food for appearance and to enhance natural colors.

Flavoring Agents

Substances like salt, herbs, and extracts added to food to enhance or modify flavors.

Antioxidants

Substances that protect food from deterioration caused by harmful molecules like free radicals.

Sweetness

Category including natural sugars, sugar alcohols, and artificial sweeteners used to sweeten food.

Anti-caking agents

Substances added to prevent clumping in powdered or granulated foods.

Bulking agents

Substances added to increase weight or alter texture without changing flavor in foods.

Stabilizers, gelling agents, and thickeners

Substances used to achieve specific textures and characteristics in food products.

Emulsifiers

Substances that help mix liquids that do not normally blend well, like oil and water in food products.

Twinkies

A popular snack cake known for its long shelf life.

Sweetness num.4

A specific level of sweetness found in Twinkies.

Cornstarch

Used in Twinkies as a thickener and stabilizer.

Categorization of substances in Twinkies

Understanding the food categories to which each ingredient in Twinkies belongs.