APUSH CH. 6 PART 1 TERMS

Constitutional Convention

A special group of white, young, educated men that would meet for
the sole purpose of writing the Constitution & never meet again, except under special circumstances

Virginia Plan /New Jersey Plan

A Plan called for new nat'I. legislature w/two houses -> lower house
had representatives proportional to state pop., while upper house was elected by lower house, also Madison's plan, NJ Plan called for fed. instead of nat'l. gobt., preserve one-house legislature, states had equal representation, gave Congress expanded power to tax & regulate commerce, proposed by William Patterson.

Great Compromise

Proposed by "grand committee!" -» resolved representation debate by giving states representative in lower house by population., states got 2 members in upper house each, and slaves counted as 3/5 of a person for both taxation & representation.

Slave Trade Compromise

Convention agreed that new legs. wouldn't be able to tax exports, impose a duty of more than $10 on Imported slaves (Congress), and no authority to stop the slave trade for 20 years, meant to ban importation by then.

3/5 Compromise

Slaves counted as 3/5 of a person for direct representation and taxation in the House of Representatives

Federalists

Those who supported the new constitution, feared the mob, and wanted a strong central government

Anti-Federalists

Presented as defenders of true principles of the Revolution, believed the Constitution. would establish gout. tyranny be of executive. branch's new power to have an army & power to tax, no Bill of Rights, and elastic clause (would give govt. power to stretch its power if necessary & proper).

Federalist Papers

A book of essays powerfully defending the Constitution; written by
mostly Hamilton, Madison, & Jay, who all explained meanings & virtues of the document

Bill of Rights

The first 10 amendments to the Constitution -9 of them forbade Congreas to infringe upon basic rights & freedorns, while the tenth gave states all powers except those delegated to the fed. govt.

Report On Public Credit/Report on Manufacturing (Hamitton's Financial Plan)

Hamilton proposed reorganizing /assuming national debt & establishing
public credit through bonds sold to wealthy speculators, a nat'l.bank, & excise tax on whiskey. He also proposed a plan for stimulating industry (manufacturing, not met with controversy be it benefited the wealthy elite & not so much the backcountry farmers. Hamilton convineed Jefferson & Madison to vote for assumption bill if
capital moved to the South -> "The Room Where It Happens."

Necessary & Proper Clause

Clause in the Constitution (elastic) that allowed the federal govt. to pass any laws "neccesary & proper" for carrying out its responsibilities