National 4/5 Modern Studies – Crime and Law: Flashcards

Flashcards covering key topics from the National 4/5 Modern Studies Crime and Law lecture notes.

Police Recorded Crime Statistics

Statistics of recorded crimes in Scotland each year, recorded by Police Scotland and published by the Scottish Government.

Scottish Crime and Justice Survey

A victimisation survey which records people's experiences of being a victim of crime, and their perceptions of crime.

Examples of Non-Sexual Crimes of Violence

Homicide, attempted murder, serious assault, and robbery.

Examples of Sexual Crimes

Rape, attempted rape, and sexual assault.

Examples of Crimes of Dishonesty

Housebreaking, theft of/from a motor vehicle, shoplifting, theft, and fraud.

Peer Pressure (Social Cause of Crime)

Peers influencing or coercing individuals to commit crimes to fit in or impress others.

Poor Education (Social Cause of Crime)

Limited life choices and opportunities, potentially leading to poverty and criminal activities.

Drugs and Alcohol Misuse (Social Cause of Crime)

Committing crimes to fund addiction or committing crimes while under the influence.

Upbringing (Social Cause of Crime)

Neglect, single-parent households, lack of parental supervision can influence criminal behavior.

Greed (Economic Cause of Crime)

Selfish desire to get more and more, often money, leading to crimes like fraud and embezzlement.

Unemployment (Economic Cause of Crime)

Lack of job skills and opportunities leading to financial strain and resorting to crime.

Poverty (Economic Cause of Crime)

Disadvantage in education, housing, and social exclusion, increasing the likelihood of experiencing crime.

Adrian Raine's Research Findings on Killers' Brains

Having less activity in the prefrontal cortex

The Warrior Gene

The MAOA gene and a variant of CDH13.

Consequences of Crime on Perpetrators

Facing punishment, difficulties in employment and travel.

Consequences of Crime on Victims

Physical injuries, fear, and financial loss related to theft or property crime.

Consequences of Crime on Families

Financial strain, stigma, and losing contact with loved ones.

Consequences of Crime on Communities

Run-down areas, reduced house prices, and people moving away.

Consequences of Crime on Wider Society

New laws being made in response to public concern and economic impact.

Roles of the Police

Enforcing the law, responding to emergencies, and keeping the public safe.