Cardiovascular and cancer

Cancer

abnormal and uncontrolled multiplication of cells

Tumor

Mass of tissue that serves no purpose

Benign Tumor

Mass of cells enclosed in a membrane

Malignant Tumor

Can invade surrounding structures

Metastasis

Spread of cancer from part to another

Stage 0

Early cancer present only in the layer of cells where it originated

Stage 1

More extensive

Stage 2

Indicating Great tumor size or degree

Stage 3

Cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes or organs adjacent

Stage 4

Advanced cancer that has spread to another organ

Leading cancer in women

Breast

Leading killer

Lung

Leading Cancer for Men

Prostate

Ultraviolet

Natural carcinogens, also radiation

Carcinogens

Worldwide cause 20% of premature deaths

Microbes

Viruses, bacteria, parasites that account to 15-20% of cancer

Nitrosamines

Nitrates and nitrites combined with dietary substances

Environment and Industrial pollution

Account for 19% of cancer

Biopsy

Detects cancer

carcinomas

Most common, arise from epithelial tissue that covers body surfaces (linings, tubes, cavities, secretion glands)

Sarcomas

arise from connective and fibrous tissues (muscle, bone, cartilage, membranes)

Lymphomas

Cancer on lymph nodes

Leukemias

Cancers of blood forming cells, chiefly in bone marrow

Oncologist

Specialist in diagnosing and treating cancer

Hematologist

Specialist in diagnosing and treating of blood disorders including leukemia and lymphoma

Smoking

Contributes to 80% of lung cancer deaths

First year survival Rate of Lung Cancer

25% for all stages

Colon cancer

Third most common, age and heredity affect risk

Colon polyps

Small growths on the wall of the colon

Regular screenings and survival rate of Colon Cancer, Treatment

start at age 45, 5-year survival rate is 64%, surgery is treatment

Breast cancer detection

Mammogram followed up by ultrasonography, begin at 40

Breast cancer treatment

Monoclonal antibodies, SERMs

Prostate cancer

Second leading cause of cancer deaths in men

Prostate cancer treatments

Radical prostatectomy, Surgical Implantation of radioactive seeds (almost nearly 100% 5 year survival rate)

Cervical cancer screening

Pap Test, HPV test

Skin cancer

Easily detectable common forms highly curable

Types of skin cancer

Basal Cell Carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Melanoma (Most dangerous)