history unit 10 questions

what are some ways the 2nd Industrial Revolution improved on/changed from the 1st Industrial Revolution?

agricultural to industrial, oil, steel, electricity

robber baron versus captain of industry

robber baron is viewing tycoon as unethical, captain of industry is viewing tycoon as generous

horizontally integrated vs vertically integrated

horizontally integrated: monopoly where one company owns all or most of the supply of a product vertically integrated: monopoly where one company owns all the steps of production

what is social darwinism?

survival of the fittest, wealthy elites more superior to the poor

how did economies of scale and mass production change the American economy?

Agrarianism to global power-house

what was the Sherman Anti-Trust Law

a law that outlawed monopolies

what happened at the Homestead Strike?

10 died because Frick didn’t cooperate and hired the Pinkertons

how did business and political leaders react to the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?

aimed to destroy all strikes with the army

what is Taylorism?

a management theory aimed to maximize economic efficiency with scientific methods

what was the Pendleton Civil Service Act? What problem was it trying to address?

federal government jobs can only go to those who pass civil service exam, addressing patronage

what were political machines?

organizations that used bribes, services, favors to put chosen candidates in power

how would you describe the relationship between big businesses and politics during this time?

they were very closely linked because many political candidates were chosen by big businesses.

what was the progressive era?

Americans tried to solve problems through individual, group, and government action

what was muckraking?

journalists who investigated corruption and tried to expose problems in society

what were Roosevelts 3 C’s and the Square Deal?

Control of corporations, Consumer protection, Conservation of natural resources, square deal: everybody should have the chance to succeed

what did the 17th amendment do?

allow for the direct election of senators

how were NAWSA and NWP different?

NAWSA more moderate and focused on building large support base, NWP more radical like picket lines and hunger strieks

what did the 19th amendment?

citizens cannot be denied right to vote based on gender

what was the outcome of Plessy v Ferguson?

Supreme Court ruled against poesy, segregation was legal as long as it was separate but equal