Whole Unit Review

Only for Unit A1

Aristotle

An ancient Greek philosopher who outlined three types of government: Democracy, Oligarchy, and Autocracy.

Democracy

A form of government ruled by the people.

Oligarchy

A form of government in which a small group of people have control.

Autocracy

A system of government in which a single person possesses unlimited power.

Direct Democracy

A form of democracy in which the will of the people is translated into public policy directly through mass meetings.

Indirect Democracy

Also known as Representative Democracy; a system where people elect representatives to make laws and policies.

Participatory Democracy

A type of indirect democracy where elected officials act as delegates.

Pluralist Democracy

A type of democracy where no single group can dominate due to diversity.

Elite Democracy

A form of democracy where a few wealthy individuals hold political power.

John Locke

An Enlightenment philosopher who believed in natural rights (life, liberty, property) and that the government's purpose is to protect these rights.

Social Contract Theory

The theory stating that people collectively give up some freedom for security provided by the government.

Thomas Hobbes

An Enlightenment philosopher who argued for absolute authority to prevent civil war and wrote 'Leviathan'.

Baron de Montesquieu

A philosopher who outlined three government types and promoted the concept of separation of powers.

Magna Carta

A charter signed in 1215 that established the principle of trial by jury and due process.

Petition of Right

A document signed by King Charles I in 1628 that limited the powers of the monarchy.

English Bill of Rights

A document that limited the monarchy and established rights for Parliament and citizens.

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Considered the first written constitution in Western history, adopted in 1638.

Royal Colonies

Colonies controlled by the king, with governors appointed by him.

Proprietary Colonies

Colonies organized by a proprietor who was granted land by the king.

Charter Colonies

Colonies with self-governing charters where colonists elected their governors.

Stamp Act Congress

A meeting in response to the Stamp Act of 1765 advocating for colonial rights.

Boston Tea Party

A protest against the Tea Act where colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor.

Intolerable Acts

A series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament after the Boston Tea Party.

First Continental Congress

A gathering of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies to address grievances against British rule.

Second Continental Congress

The assembly that governed during the American Revolutionary War and created the Declaration of Independence.

Declaration of Independence

A document declaring the colonies' independence from Great Britain, adopted on July 4, 1776.

French Assistance in the Revolution

Help provided by France to America during the Revolutionary War, influenced by Benjamin Franklin.