Spanish 2 Final Exam Master Review

A full set of vocabulary and grammar flashcards based on the Spanish 2 Final Exam study guide.

Preterite (Usage)

Used for completed, finished, or interrupting actions.

Preterite (Usage)

Used for sudden changes or a sequence of events.

Preterite (Usage)

Used for actions with a clear beginning and end.

-AR Preterite: yo

é

-AR Preterite: tú

aste

-AR Preterite: él / ella / usted

ó

-AR Preterite: nosotros / nosotras

amos

-AR Preterite: vosotros / vosotras

asteis

-AR Preterite: ellos / ellas / ustedes

aron

-ER / -IR Preterite: yo

í

-ER / -IR Preterite: tú

iste

-ER / -IR Preterite: él / ella / usted

ió

-ER / -IR Preterite: nosotros / nosotras

imos

-ER / -IR Preterite: vosotros / vosotras

isteis

-ER / -IR Preterite: ellos / ellas / ustedes

ieron

U-stem: tener

tuv-

U-stem: estar

estuv-

U-stem: andar

anduv-

U-stem: poner

pus-

U-stem: saber

sup-

I-stem: hacer

hic-

I-stem: querer

quis-

I-stem: venir

vin-

hizo

The irregular 3rd person singular preterite form of hacer.

J-stem: decir

dij-

J-stem: traer

traj-

J-stems (ellos/ellas rule)

Ends in -eron with NO "i" (e.g., dijeron, trajeron).

dijeron

The 3rd person plural preterite form of decir.

trajeron

The 3rd person plural preterite form of traer.

ser / ir (Preterite)

fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron

dar (Preterite)

di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron

ver (Preterite)

vi, viste, vio, vimos, visteis, vieron

-car Preterite Spelling Change

yo form only: -qué (e.g., buscar $\rightarrow$ busqué)

-gar Preterite Spelling Change

yo form only: -gué (e.g., llegar $\rightarrow$ llegué)

-zar Preterite Spelling Change

yo form only: -cé (e.g., empezar $\rightarrow$ empecé)

busqué

Preterite yo form of buscar.

llegué

Preterite yo form of llegar.

empecé

Preterite yo form of empezar.

Imperfect (Usage)

Used for ongoing, habitual, or background actions.

Imperfect (Usage)

Used for descriptions, weather, and time.

Imperfect (Usage)

Used for age and emotions / mental states in the past.

-AR Imperfect: yo

aba

-AR Imperfect: tú

abas

-AR Imperfect: él / ella / usted

aba

-AR Imperfect: nosotros / nosotras

ábamos

-AR Imperfect: vosotros / vosotras

abais

-AR Imperfect: ellos / ellas / ustedes

aban

-ER / -IR Imperfect: yo

ía

-ER / -IR Imperfect: tú

ías

-ER / -IR Imperfect: él / ella / usted

ía

-ER / -IR Imperfect: nosotros / nosotras

íamos

-ER / -IR Imperfect: vosotros / vosotras

íais

-ER / -IR Imperfect: ellos / ellas / ustedes

ían

ser (Imperfect)

era, eras, era, éramos, erais, eran

ir (Imperfect)

iba, ibas, iba, íbamos, ibais, iban

ver (Imperfect)

veía, veías, veía, veíamos, veíais, veían

Age in the past rule

Must use the verb TENER (e.g., tenía doce años).

tenía doce años

I was $12$ years old (Correct usage of age in the past).

Reflexive pronoun: yo

me

Reflexive pronoun: tú

te

Reflexive pronoun: él / ella / usted

se

Reflexive pronoun: nosotros / nosotras

nos

Reflexive pronoun: vosotros / vosotras

os

Reflexive pronoun: ellos / ellas / ustedes

se

despertarse ($e \rightarrow ie$)

to wake up

levantarse

to get up

ducharse

to shower

vestirse ($e \rightarrow i$)

to get dressed

acostarse ($o \rightarrow ue$)

to go to bed

cepillarse los dientes

to brush one's teeth

Reflexive Pronoun Placement (Conjugated)

Placed before the conjugated verb (e.g., me levanto).

Reflexive Pronoun Placement (Infinitive)

Attached to the end of the infinitive (e.g., voy a levantarme).

Body Part Rule (Reflexives)

Use the definite article (los/las), NOT a possessive (mis/tus).

el consultorio

the doctor's office

el / la médico / a

the doctor

la farmacia

the pharmacy

la receta

the prescription

la radiografía

the x-ray

la camilla

the stretcher

el síntoma

the symptom

Doler structure

Indirect object pronoun + doler + body part.

me duele la cabeza

My head hurts (singular body part).

me duelen los brazos

My arms hurt (plural body part).

Doler ($o \rightarrow ue$)

The stem-changing verb used to express pain.

Doler pronouns (Indirect Object)

me, te, le, nos, les

enfermarse

to get sick

romperse un hueso

to break a bone

torcerse el tobillo

to sprain one's ankle

tener fiebre

to have a fever

tener tos

to have a cough

tener gripe

to have the flu

Future Tense Formation

Add endings to the infinitive form of the verb.

Future ending: yo

é

Future ending: tú

ás

Future ending: él / ella / usted

á

Future ending: nosotros / nosotras

emos

Future ending: vosotros / vosotras

éis

Future ending: ellos / ellas / ustedes

án

Future/Conditional Stem: tener

tendr-

Future/Conditional Stem: poner

pondr-