Species and Taxonomy

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Last updated 3:33 PM on 6/21/26
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12 Terms

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Species

Group of organisms capable of producing fertile offspring

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Purpose of classification

Identify species; study evolutionary relationships; understand shared characteristics

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Taxonomic hierarchy

Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

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Three domains

Bacteria; Archaea; Eukarya

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Kingdoms within Eukarya

Plantae; Animalia; Protoctista; Fungi

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Binomial nomenclature

System using genus and species names

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Example of binomial nomenclature

Homo sapiens

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Phylogenetic classification

Classification based on evolutionary relationships

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Node on a phylogenetic tree

Common ancestor

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More recent common ancestor

Organisms are more closely related

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Evidence used in phylogeny

DNA sequences; amino acid sequences; anatomy; behaviour; embryology

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Advantage of phylogenetic classification

Shows evolutionary relationships and avoids overlapping groups