year 10 history exam revision

question: What was the Treaty of Versailles?

answer: The peace agreement signed after World War I that imposed harsh penalties on Germany.

question: How did the Treaty of Versailles contribute to World War II?

answer: It caused resentment in Germany due to harsh punishments, leading to the rise of extremist leaders.

question: Who was Adolf Hitler?

answer: The leader of Nazi Germany who played a major role in starting World War II.

question: What was the Nazi Party?

answer: A political party in Germany led by Hitler that promoted nationalism, militarism, and expansion.

What is militarism?

The belief in building up strong armed forces and using them aggressively

What was appeasement?

A policy where Britain and France gave in to Hitler’s demands to avoid conflict

Why did appeasement fail?

It encouraged Hitler to continue expanding, eventually leading to war.

What was the policy of expansionism?

The desire to expand a country’s territory, often by force.

What event triggered the start of World War II?

Germany’s invasion of Poland in 1939.

Why was the invasion of Poland important?

It led Britain and France to declare war on Germany.

What role did the League of Nations play?

It aimed to maintain peace but was ineffective in stopping aggression.

Why did the League of Nations fail?

It lacked power, strong leadership, and support from major countries.

What was the Great Depression?

A global economic downturn in the 1930s.

How did the Great Depression contribute to World War II?

It caused economic hardship, leading to political instability and the rise of extremist leaders

What is nationalism?

Strong pride in one’s country, often leading to a desire for dominance.

What was the Anschluss?

The annexation of Austria by Germany in 1938.

What was the Munich Agreement?

An agreement allowing Germany to take control of part of Czechoslovakia

Why is the Munich Agreement significant?

It is an example of appeasement and failed to stop Hitler’s aggression

: What is meant by “totalitarian government”?

A system where the government has complete control over all aspects of life.

What were Woodrow Wilson’s views at the Treaty of Versailles?

He wanted to protect Germany’s sovereignty, promote democracy, and rebuild Germany as a trade partner.

What were Georges Clemenceau’s goals at the Treaty of Versailles?

He wanted revenge on Germany and to weaken it permanently to protect France.

What did David Lloyd George want from the Treaty of Versailles?

To maintain Germany’s economic strength for trade while also satisfying British demands for punishment.

How much were Germany’s reparations after WWI?

269 billion francs, which were fully paid off in 2010.

What caused hyperinflation in Germany?

The government printed excessive money to pay reparations, making the currency worthless.

How did US loans affect Germany before the Great Depression?

US capital helped Germany recover economically in the late 1920s.

What triggered the economic collapse during the Great Depression?

The New York stock market crash and withdrawal of US loans.

What was the effect of the Great Depression on German society?

Mass unemployment and increased support for extremist political movements.

Who founded fascism?

Benito Mussolini in Italy.

What are key features of fascism?

Militarism, nationalism, authoritarian leadership, and anti-communism.

What was Lebensraum?

The Nazi idea of expanding territory to provide living space for Germans.

What role did the SA play in Nazi Germany?

A paramilitary group used to intimidate opponents and enforce Nazi control.

Why did Britain support appeasement partly due to geopolitics?

Germany was seen as a buffer state against the spread of communism from the USSR.