HK exam

Lateral flexion of head

Sternocleidomastoid

Longus capitis

Longus colli

Rectus capitis anterior

Rectus capitis lateralis

Middle scalene

Posterior scalene

Flexion of head

sternocleidomastoid

longus capitis

longus colli

Rectus capitis anterior

elevate rib 1

anterior, middle scalene

elevate rib 2

posterior scalene

Forced inspiration

all scalenes

Rotate neck to opposite side?

sternocleidomastoid

Retract hyoid

omohyoid

Protract hyoid

geniohyoid

Elevate hyoid

digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid

Depress hyoid

sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

depress larynx

sternothyroid

elevate larynx

thyrohyoid, palatopharyngeus, stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus

Elevate pharynx

palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, stylopharyngeus

Depress mandible

Digastric anterior, lateral pterygoids

elevate mandible

medial pterygoids, masseter, temporalis

retract mandible

temporalis

protract mandible

masseter, lateral pterygoids, medial pterygoids

swing mandible to other side

lateral pterygoids

elevate floor of the mouth

mylohyoid, stylohyoid

depress tongue

hyoglossus, genioglossus

elevate tongue

palatoglossus, styloglossusp

protract tongue

genioglossus

retract tongue

styloglossus, hyoglossus

CN V3 innervation (mandibular nerve)

muscles of mastication

Digastric (anterior belly)

Mylohyoid

Tensor veli palatine

Ansa cervicalis

sternothyroid

sternohyoid

omohyoid

CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)

thyrohyoid

geniohyoid

styloglossus

hyoglossus

genioglossus

CN VII (facial nerve)

stylohyoid

digastric (posterior belly)

CN X (vagus nerve)

palatoglossus

CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve)

stylopharyngeus

Pharyngeal plexus (glossopharyngeal + vagus nerve)

salpingopharyngeus

palatopharyngeus

Levator veli palatini

Anterior triangle borders

sternocleidomastoid

midline of neck

inferior border of mandible

Submental triangle borders

Digastric (anterior)

Mandible

hyoid

Submental contents

geniohyoid

mylohyoid

Diagstric (anterior)

Submandibular borders

Digastic (both bellies)

mandible (superior)

Submandibular contents

mylohyoid

stylohyoid

digastric

extrinsic tongue muscles

mylohyoid and lingual nerves

hypoglossal nerve

facial and lingual artery

submandibular gland

Carotid borders

sternocleidomastoid

omohyoid

digastric (posterior)

carotid contents

common carotid artery (bifurcation)

internal jugular vein

vagus nerve

spinal accessory nerve (some

ansa cervicalis

hypoglossal nerve

Muscular triangle borders

sternocleidomastoid

midline of neck

omohyoid

muscular contents

infra hyoid muscles

thyroid and parathyroid glands

Posterior triangle borders

trapezius

clavicle

sternocleidomastoid

Posterior triangle contents

scalenes

omohyoid

brachial plexus

spinal accessory

subclavian artery

subclavian vein

external jugular bein

Temporalis O/I

temporalis fossa

coronoid process of mandible

Masseter O/I

zygomatic bone/arch

lateral aspect of mandible/angle

Lateral pterygoid (superior head) O/I

greater wing of sphenoid → region of TMJ

Lateral pterygoid (inferior head)

lateral aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate → neck of condylar process of mandible

Medial pterygoid (deep) O/I

medial aspect of lateral pterygoid plate → medial surface of the ramus of the mandible

Medial pterygoid (superficial) O/I

Maxillary tuberosity → lateral surface of mandible

Anterior scalene

TPs C3-C6 → rib 1

Middle scalene

TPs C4-C7 → rib 1

posterior scalene

TPs of C5-C7 → rib 2

omohyoid

superior margin of the scapula → hyoid

Sternohyoid

manubrium → hyoid

Sternothyroid

manubrium → thyroid cartilage

thyrohyoid

thyroid cartilage → hyoid

Disgastric (anterior)

mandible → hyoid

Digastric (posterior)

mastoid process → hyoid

Mylohyoid

posterior mandible → hyoid

Geniohyoid

posterior mandible → hyoid

stylohyoid

styloid process → hyoid

genioglossus

mandible → tongue

hyoglossus

hyoid → tongue

palatoglossus

soft palate → tongue

styloglossus

styloid process → tongue

palatopharyngeus

soft palate → thyroid cartilage

stylopharyngeus

styloid process → thyroid cartilage

salpingopharyngeus

eustachian tube → palatopharyngeus

Levator veli palatini

eustachian tube, temporal bone → soft palate

Tensor veli palatini

eustachian tube, sphenoid bone → soft palate