Lecture 11: USG, IGOs, NGOs

What does the veterinary program of USDA APHIS-International services do?

monitoring of and reporting on foreign animal and emerging disease, capacity building, and management of emerging threats such as influenza

______ insures that meat, poultry, and egg products imported to the United States are produced under standards equivalent to U.S. inspection standards, and facilitates the certification of exported goods.

FSIS

What is one of the current big issues in veterinary medicine being investigated by the FDA?

jerky pet treat-related illnesses

What organization promotes gender equality and women’s empowerment, but also prioritizes fighting infectious diseases?

USAID

What is an IGO?

an organization composed primarily of sovereign states, or of other intergovernmental organizations established by treaty or other agreement that acts as a charter creating the group

What are the strengths of IGOs?

1. They hold state authority.

2. Their institutions are permanent.

3. They provide a forum for discussion.

4. They are issue specific.

5. They provide information.

6. They allow multilateral cooperation.

What are the weaknesses of IGOs?

1.Membership is limited. Prohibits the membership of private citizens. In addition, not all IGOs allow universal membership.

2. IGOs often overlap resulting in a complex network.

3. States have to give up part of their sovereignty, which weakens the state's ability to assert its authority.

What is at the heart of UN Food and Agriculture Organization’s efforts?

achieving food security

Who is the directing and coordinating authority on international health within the United Nations’s system?

WHO (world health organization)

What is WOAH role in animal health and welfare?

• Support strengthening National Veterinary Services Capacity

• Develop Guidelines and Standards

• Provide Training and Education

• Support Knowledge Management Exchange

True or false: IGO often have inter-connective programs for one health interactions.

true

What is the one health joint action plan?

A world capable of preventing, detecting, containing, eliminating, and responding to animal and public health risks attributable to zoonoses and animal diseases with an impact on food security through multi-sectoral cooperation and strong partnerships

Who is involved in the one health quadripartite joint plan of action?

WHO, WOAH, UNFAO, UNEP

What is an NGO?

a not-for-profit organization that is independent from states and international governmental organizations

What is the key element of the ICRC? (red cross)

neutrality

What are the challenges of NGOs and governments?

• various and conflicting agendas

• neutrality

• scalability

• security

• continuity of operations

Who represents the veterinary profession in multiple international venues such as WOAH, FAO, and the Global Health Summit?

AVMA

What are the challenges for smaller NGOs?

• Limited funding capability

• Limited to no fulltime staff

• Limited ability to scale up to large level operations

• Continuity of operations often dependent on small number of volunteers

• Limited ability to compete in the humanitarian working space

What is metabiota?

a for-profit company specializing in disease and pathogen detection, evaluation, and response through the integration of field and lab research with health data analytics

What did the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation do?

Brought a business type approach to development

Brought large scale approach to development and issues

Brought outcomes accountability

Brought serious money to global problems

What does Heifer International’s approach focus on?

• increase in income and assets

• food security and nutrition

• environment