Bioarch Quiz 4

Hyoid bone, located in the neck. It is the only bone in the body not articulated with another bone, suspended by ligaments to connect to the tips of the styloid processes of temporal. Often fractured in forensic cases of strangulation.

What are the features of the hyoid bone?

Greater horns, lesser horns, body

Name these features of a vertebrae

Spinous process, lamina, superior articular processes, pedicles, transverse processes

What are the three types of vertebrae and where are they located?

Cervical: located in the neck [C1-C7]

Thoracic: in the thorax (trunk) [T1-T12]

Lumbar: in the lower back [L1-L5]

What kind of vert is this?

C1 Atlas vertebrae, has no vertebral body

What kind of vert is this?

C2 Axis vertebrae, no vertebral body, has a projecting process that forms a pivot for the atlas

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar?

Cervical

Features of the Atlas

Posteriror tubercole, posterier arch, vertebral foramen, groove for vertebral artery, superior articular surface, transverse foramen, transverse process, lateral mass, articular surface for dens of axis, anterior arch, anterior tubercole

What kind of vert is this?

Thoracic

What kind of vert is this?

Lumbar

The sternum

The breastbone. Anchors ends of paired ribs 1-7 via cartilage and is composed of 3 main parts in adulthood but develops from 6 segments.

Mandibrium, corpus sterni, xiphoid process

Clavicular notch, 1-7 costal notches

How many ribs can a person have?

Normally 12 on each side, people can have 11 or 13

First rib

Articular facet, head, neck, tubercle, articular facet, costal angle, costal groove, shaft, articulation with costal cartilage

Clavicles. Medial (sternal end) is round and flared. Lateral (acromial end) is flattened

What is a scapula?

Shoulder blade

Posterior scapula

Dorsal

Anterior scapula

Costal

Supraglenoid tubercle, glenoid fossa, infraglenoid tubercle

Glenoid fossa

Raindrop shaped fossa that recieves the head of the humerus. Shallowness of the joint = great flexibility but makes it more prone to dislocation than hip

Siding of a scapula

If you hold the scapula with the glenoid fossa facing you, the top part of the tear drop points towards the correct side

What side is this scapula from?

the right side

Superior angle,superior border, lateral angle, medial border, lateral border, inferior angle

Scapula features

Medial border: side opposite the glenoid fossa

Lateral border: side closest to the glenoid fossa

Scapular spine

Greater tubercle, humeral head, intertubercular sulcus, lesser tubercle, deltoid tuberosity

Humerus Head

Hemisphere on the proximal end that faces medially (toward the body)

Greater tubercle

Larger tubercle, projects laterally (away from the body)

Lesser tubercle

Smaller, blunt eminence closer to humeral head

Interbercular sulcus

Sits between the 2 tubercles

coronoid fossa, radial fossa, capitulum, trochlea, medial epicondlye

Coronoid fossa

Hollow on the anterior surface of the distal humerus

Trochlea

Spool shaped medial portion of the distal humerus

Capitulum

rounded eminence that forms the lateral portion of the distal humeral surface

Deltoid tuberosity

Insertion site of the deltoideus muscle

Medial epicondyle

Nonarticular projection next to the trochlea

Olecranon fossa

Olecranon Fossa

Largest hollow on the distal humerus. if perforated = septal aperture

Head of radius, radial tuberosity, interosseous crest, unlar notch, styloid process or radius

Head of radius

Rounded proximal end that articulates with the capitulum

Radial tuberosity

Blunt, rugose, oval structure on the antermedial side of proximal radius

Radius styloid process

Sharp projection on lateral side of distal radius

Interosseous crest

Sharp, medial, edge of the redial shaft

Ulnar notch

Crescent shaped, concave articular hollow on distal radius

Siding the radius

The smooth side of the distal radius faces forwar, the styloid process points to the side from which the bone comes.

right or left radius?

left

Olecranon, coronoid process, trochlear notch, radial notch

Trochlear notch

Articulates with the trochlea of the humerus

Coronoid process

Beak-shaped projection at the base of the trochlear notch

olecranon

most proximal part of the ulna bone, curved projection

Radial notch

small articular surface for the radius

Styloid process

Ulna styloid process

Sharp, distal-most projection of the ulna

Siding an ulna

Olecranon process is proximal, radial notch is lateral (directed away from the body)

What are the 8 bones of the wrist

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

How many metacarpals are there

5

What is MC1

thumb metacarpal

what is MC5

pinky metacarpal

What is the difference between metacarpals and phalanges

Metacarpals are tubular, phalanges are very flat and have no rounded heads or large bases