Genetics Chapter 13 - Genetic Code
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11 Terms
What is the Triplet Code?
Provides 64 Codons to Specify 20 Amino Acids
What is the Degeneracy of the Genetic Code?
Most Amino Acids are Encoded by Multiple Codons
What is the Wobble Hypothesis?
The Initial Two Ribonucleotides of Triplet Codes are More Important Than the Third
What is the Initiator Codon?
Methionine (AUG)
What are Termination Codons?
UAG, UAA, UGA. Translation is Terminated When These Codons are Encountered
What is the Open Reading Frame?
A Sequence of DNA/RNA With the Potential to be Translated Into a Protein
What is a Frameshift Mutation?
Insertions or Deletions That Shift the Reading Frame
What is a Base Substitution?
A Change in 1 Nucleotide in a DNA Sequence
What is a Missense?
A Type of Base Substitution That Changes the Amino Acid in Polypeptide Chain
What is a Nonsense?
A Type of Base Substitution That Changes an Amino Acid Specifying Codon Into a STOP Codon
What is a Silent Mutation?
A Type of Base Substitution That Causes a Change in Nucleotide Sequence That Doesn’t Lead to a Change in the Amino Acid