Untitled Flashcards Set

What is a vector?

A bug such as a tick, flea, lice, or mosquito.

Name the disease associated with the tick vector.

Lyme disease, HGA, and HME.

What disease is spread by fleas?

Bubonic plague, cat scratch fever, and endemic typhus.

How does cytomegalovirus avoid the immune system?

It hides in white blood cells and reproduces slowly, causing clumping together.

What causes swollen lymph nodes in mononucleosis?

T cells attacking B cells.

What bacteria causes animal bites?

Pasteurella multocida.

How deadly is cat scratch fever?

It is not very deadly.

What causes Burkitt's lymphoma?

Epstein Barr virus, typically after someone has had malaria.

What bacteria causes typhus?

Rickettsia.

What are the characteristic symptoms of Epidemic typhus?

High fever for longer than 2 weeks, stupor, petechiae.

What is the characteristic sign of Lyme’s disease?

Bullseye rash.

What are the symptoms of mononucleosis in adults?

Fever, sore throat, general weakness, malaise, swollen lymph nodes.

What are the symptoms of Chikungunya?

Severe joint pain, especially in wrists, ankles, and fingers, with possible blisters.

How does bubonic plague increase the size of lymph nodes?

The bacteria multiplies in lymph nodes, causing an increase in B and T cells.

How do people get cat scratch fever?

Through a cat scratch that carries flea feces.

What conditions are associated with epidemic typhus?

Crowded and unsanitary conditions such as concentration camps and jails.

How does epidemic typhus cause death?

Often due to the high fever.

How is HME transmitted?

From bites by the Lone Star tick.

What causes symptoms of typhus once Rickettsia enters the body?

It multiplies in the endothelial lining of blood vessels, causing symptoms.

What are the symptoms of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

Macular rash on soles and palms, red spots less than 1 cm.

What are the symptoms of endemic typhus compared to epidemic typhus?

Same symptoms as epidemic but milder.

What vector is associated with Chikungunya?

Mosquito.

What does YOP do in relation to bubonic plague?

It prevents lysosomes from attaching to phagosomes and destroys actin for phagocytosis.

What is the primary host for Lyme disease?

The primary host for Lyme disease is the white-footed mouse.

What type of virus is Epstein-Barr virus classified as?

Epstein-Barr virus is classified as a herpesvirus.

What animal is most often associated with the transmission of rabies?

Rabies is most often transmitted by bats.

How does chikungunya affect the immune system?

Chikungunya can lead to persistent inflammatory responses in the immune system.

What is the typical incubation period for cat scratch fever?

The incubation period for cat scratch fever is typically 7 to 14 days.

What is the common treatment for infections caused by Rickettsia?

Common treatment includes antibiotics such as doxycycline.

How does the body respond to HGA (Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis)?

The body responds by increasing white blood cell count and causing flu-like symptoms.

Which symptoms distinguish Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever from other tick-borne diseases?

The distinct macular rash that begins at wrists and ankles is key in Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.

What is the vector for the transmission of Bubonic plague?

Fleas, particularly the rat flea, are the primary vector for the Bubonic plague.

What preventive measures can be taken to avoid tick bites?

Preventive measures include using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves, and performing tick checks after outdoor activities.