Anatomy Tables: Muscle Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering anatomy tables for muscles including origin, insertion, action, innervation, arterial supply, and clinical notes.

Erector spinae (Origin)

iliac crest, sacrum, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae and supraspinal ligament

Erector spinae (Insertion)

angles of the ribs, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae, posterior aspect of the skull

Erector spinae (Action)

extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck and head

Erector spinae (Innervation)

segmentally innervated by dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C1-S5$

Erector spinae (Artery)

supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

Erector spinae (Notes)

the erector spinae m. is separated into $3$ columns of muscle: iliocostalis laterally, longissimus in an intermediate position and spinalis medially; each of these columns has multiple named parts

Iliocostalis (Origin)

iliac crest and sacrum

Iliocostalis (Insertion)

angles of the ribs

Iliocostalis (Action)

extends and laterally bends the trunk and neck

Iliocostalis (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C4-S5$

Iliocostalis (Notes)

the most lateral part of the erector spinae; it may be subdivided into lumborum, thoracis and cervicis portions

Interspinales (Origin)

upper border of spinous process

Interspinales (Insertion)

lower border of spinous process above

Interspinales (Action)

extend trunk and neck

Interspinales (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C1-L5$

Interspinales (Notes)

these are small and fairly insignificant muscles

Intertransversarii (Origin)

upper border of transverse process

Intertransversarii (Insertion)

lower border of transverse process above

Intertransversarii (Action)

laterally bend trunk and neck

Intertransversarii (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C1-L5$

Intertransversarii (Notes)

these are small and fairly insignificant muscles

Longissimus (Origin)

transverse process at inferior vertebral levels

Longissimus (Insertion)

transverse process at superior vertebral levels and mastoid process

Longissimus (Action)

extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck and head

Longissimus (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C1-S1$

Longissimus (Notes)

the intermediate part of the erector spinae;it may be subdivided into thoracis, cervicis and capitis portions

Multifidus (Origin)

sacrum, transverse processes of $C3-L5$

Multifidus (Insertion)

spinous processes $2-4$ vertebral levels superior to their origin

Multifidus (Action)

extend and laterally bend trunk and neck, rotate to opposite side

Multifidus (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C1-L5$

Multifidus (Artery)

supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

Multifidus (Notes)

semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores make up the transversospinal muscle group

Obliquus capitis inferior (Origin)

spinous process of the axis

Obliquus capitis inferior (Insertion)

transverse process of atlas

Obliquus capitis inferior (Action)

rotates the head to the same side

Obliquus capitis inferior (Innervation)

suboccipital nerve (DPR of $C1$)

Obliquus capitis inferior (Artery)

occipital a.

Obliquus capitis inferior (Notes)

greater occipital nerve (DPR of $C2$) passes superiorly around the inferior margin of inferior oblique

Obliquus capitis superior (Origin)

transverse process of atlas

Obliquus capitis superior (Insertion)

occipital bone above inferior nuchal line

Obliquus capitis superior (Action)

extends the head, rotates the head to the same side

Obliquus capitis superior (Innervation)

suboccipital nerve (DPR of $C1$)

Obliquus capitis superior (Notes)

the suboccipital triangle is formed by obliquus capitis superior and inferior and rectus capitis posterior major

Rectus capitis posterior major (Origin)

spinous process of axis

Rectus capitis posterior major (Insertion)

inferior nuchal line

Rectus capitis posterior major (Action)

extends the head, rotate to same side

Rectus capitis posterior major (Innervation)

suboccipital nerve (DPR of $C1$)

Rectus capitis posterior major (Artery)

occipital a.

Rectus capitis posterior minor (Origin)

posterior tubercle of atlas

Rectus capitis posterior minor (Insertion)

inferior nuchal line medially

Rectus capitis posterior minor (Action)

extends the head

Rectus capitis posterior minor (Innervation)

suboccipital nerve (DPR of $C1$)

Rectus capitis posterior minor (Notes)

rectus capitis posterior minor is deeper and inserts more medial than rectus capitis posterior major

Rotatores (Origin)

transverse processes

Rotatores (Insertion)

long rotatores: spines $2$ vertebrae above origin; short rotatores: spines $1$ vertebrae above origin

Rotatores (Action)

rotates the vertebral column to the opposite side

Rotatores (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C1-L5$

Rotatores (Artery)

supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

Rotatores (Notes)

semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores make up the transversospinal muscle group

Semispinalis (Origin)

transverse processes of $C7-T12$

Semispinalis (Insertion)

capitis: back of skull between nuchal lines; cervicis & thoracis: spines $4-6$ vertebrae above origin

Semispinalis (Action)

extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side

Semispinalis (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C1- T12$

Semispinalis (Artery)

supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

Semispinalis (Notes)

three parts are named based on their insertions: capitis, cervicis and thoracis; semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores make up the transversospinal muscle group

Spinalis (Origin)

spinous processes at inferior vertebral levels

Spinalis (Insertion)

spinous processes at superior vertebral levels and base of the skull

Spinalis (Action)

extends and laterally bends trunk and neck

Spinalis (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C2-L3$

Spinalis (Artery)

supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

Spinalis (Notes)

most medial part of the erector spinae; may be subdivided into thoracis, cervicis and capitis portions

Splenius (Origin)

ligamentum nuchae and spines $C7-T6$

Splenius (Insertion)

capitis: mastoid process & superior nuchal line laterally; cervicis: posterior tubercles of $C1-C3$ vertebrae

Splenius (Action)

extends and laterally bends neck and head; rotates head to same side

Splenius (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C2-C6$

Splenius (Notes)

splenius means bandage; it gets its name from its broad, flat shape

Splenius capitis (Origin)

ligamentum nuchae and spines of $C7- T6$ vertebrae

Splenius capitis (Insertion)

mastoid process and lateral end of the superior nuchal line

Splenius capitis (Action)

extends and laterally bends the neck and head, rotates head to the same side

Splenius capitis (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C2-C6$

Splenius capitis (Notes)

named for its shape: splenius means bandage and capitis refers to the insertion of this portion of the muscle

Splenius cervicis (Origin)

ligamentum nuchae and spines of $C7- T6$ vertebrae

Splenius cervicis (Insertion)

posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of $C1-C3$ vertebrae

Splenius cervicis (Action)

extends and laterally bends neck and head, rotates head to the same side

Splenius cervicis (Innervation)

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves $C2-C6$

Splenius cervicis (Notes)

named for its shape: splenius means bandage and cervicis refers to the insertion of this portion of the muscle

Abductor digiti minimi hand (Origin)

pisiform

Abductor digiti minimi hand (Insertion)

base of the proximal phalanx of the $5th$ digit on its ulnar side

Abductor digiti minimi hand (Action)

abducts the $5th$ digit

Abductor digiti minimi hand (Innervation)

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Abductor digiti minimi hand (Artery)

ulnar a.

Abductor digiti minimi hand (Notes)

abductor dig minimi, flexo minimi brevis opponens di minimi are lo in the hypoth compartmen the hand

Abductor pollicis brevis (Origin)

flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium

Abductor pollicis brevis (Insertion)

base of the proximal phalanx of the first digit

Abductor pollicis brevis (Action)

abducts thumb

Abductor pollicis brevis (Innervation)

recurrent branch of median nerve

Abductor pollicis brevis (Artery)

superficial palmar br. of the radial a.

Abductor pollicis brevis (Notes)

abductor pol brevis, flexor pollicis brevi opponens po are located i thenar compartmen the hand (La pollicis = the thumb)

Abductor pollicis longus (Origin)

middle one- third of the posterior surface of the radius, interosseous membrane, mid-portion of posterolateral ulna

Abductor pollicis longus (Insertion)

radial side of the base of the first metacarpal