RAD 232 C-spine

Where is the odontoid(in C2) received in the C1

Anterior ring

which plane is placed perpendicular to the IR when the chin is extended for the AP axial c-spine

Occlusal plane

The edge of the upper incisor & mastoid tip should be how to the IR for the AP open mouth of c-spine

Perpendicular

Has a conical process, called den or odontoid on upper & anterior of body

C2 (Axis)

what are unique features of the cervical vertebrae

transverse foramina in the transverse process

bifid spinous process

The AP oblique c-spine demonstrates the intervertebral foramina closest or furthest from the IR

Furthest

What should the occipital bone not do in the AP axial oblique spine

Not overlap axis

What should the chin not do in the AP axial oblique c-spine

not overlap atlas & axis

How should the mandible be for the lateral hyperflexion

almost vertical

How should the mandible be for the lateral hyperextension

Almost horizontal

Where is the IR centered for the AP axial oblique c-spine

C3

W/ reference to MSP how do cervical intervertebral foramina open?

45degrees anteriorly

What is the SID for the AP oblique & lateral of c-spine

72 SID

C1 (atlas) consist of what?

2 lateral masses

2 transverse processes

anterior + posterior Arch

What demonstrates too much extension of the neck for the AP open mouth

Base of skull projected over dens

what demonstrates too much flexion for the AP open mouth

Upper incisors projected over dens

Which projection of c-spine best demonstrates open zygapophyseal jt on the side closer to the IR

Lateral (Grandy) projection

Why is the lateral (flexion/extension) used?

To evaluate neck mobility

Does C1 have a body

No

CR direction & angulation for the AP axial oblique c-spine

15-20 cephalad to C4

Which projection should the collimated field include sella turcica to top of T1 body

Lateral (Grandy)

Why is a 72in SID used for the Lateral (grandy)

To compensate for the increase OID

Direction & angulation of the CR for the AP axial c-spine

15-20 cephalad to C4

Direction of CR for lateral (grandy) c-spine

perpendicular/Horizontal to C4

Also called the vertebral prominent b/c of its long prominent spinous process (easily palpated)

C7

What does the AP axial oblique of c-spine demonstrate & why are both examined

Demonstrates intervertebral foramina & both examined for comparison

To what vertebrae should the IR be centered for the Lateral c-pine

C4

How should the MSP & MCP be for the lateral (Grandy) c-spine

MSP→ Parallel

MCP→ Perpendicular

Where is the IR centered for the AP axial C-spine

C4

What does the lateral c-spine demonstrate

zygapophyseal jt

which projection of the c-spine demonstrates spinous process elevated & widely separated?

Hyperflexion

Which projection of C-spine demonstrates spinous process depressed & in close approximation?

Hyperextension

Which position of C-spine best demonstrates the left intervertebral foramina when CR is angled 15-20 degree cephalad

RPO

How much rotation for the AP axial oblique C-spine projection

45 degree

Which position of C-spine demonstrates the Right intervertebral foramina when CR is angled 15-20 degree cephalad

LPO

What should be done so that the magnified shoulder farthest from the IR is projected below the lower C-spine for the lateral projection of the C-spine

Direct a perpendicular/horizontal CR to C4

What vertebras should be seen in the AP axial C-spine

C3-T2

What is the SID for the AP axial C-spine

40 in SID

CR for AP C1-C2 Open mouth

Perpendicular to IR entering PT midpoint of open mouth

Mandibular rami equidistance from dens demonstrates what for the AP open mouth C-spine

No rotation

The mandible & occiput should be how to the Atlas & axis for the AP axial C-spine

Superimposed

Where should the spinous process be seen for the AP axial C-spine

Midlines of cervical vertebraes

Superimposed open zygapophyseal Jts & open intervertebral disk space demonstrates what in the lateral C-spine

No rotation/tilt

W/ reference to the MSP, how do Zygapophyseal Jt open in C-spine

90 degrees laterally