AP Human Geography: Unit 2 Population Pyramid Trends

Population Pyramid (or age-sex composition graph)

Based only on age and gender date, can provide information on birth rates, death rates, how long people live on average and economic development.

What are possible reasons for bars longer for people ages 18 - 25? (population pyramid)

• Small city with large university (eg. Berkeley)

• Shortage of school funding → families move away when they have children.

What are possible reasons for bars longer for people ages 18 - 25 than children? (population pyramid)

• Economic crisis → people want fewer children

• Epidemic → many infants die (eg. Covid 19)

• government policy to slow down birth rates (anti-natalist policies) → discourages birth

What are possible reasons for bars longer for people ages >65? (population pyramid)

• community in warm climates → attracts retirees

• lack of job → young people moves away

What are possible reasons for bars longer for males than females? (population pyramid)

• Oil boom/fishing industry → jobs traditionally done by men

• Regions contains military base or prison

What are possible reasons for females than males? (population pyramid)

• neighborhoods has large assisted living home with high % of females who outlives males

What are causes of aging populations?

Longer life expectancy and lower crude birth rates (the number of live births per year for each 1,000 people)

What would an aging population indicate for needs in a society?

• Improvements in healthcare & eldercare (eg. nursing homes) → longer life expectancies usually in developed countries.

• Improvements in basic medical services, better sewage treatment facilities, improved drinking water quality → longer life expectancies in less-developed countries.

What are examples of pronatalist policies/programs?

Incentives: Paid leaves for moms, free childcare, family discounts on government services.

What are reasons for a decrease in population growth, specifically about women?

• Economic: countries industrialized → rural-urban migration → women work in textile mills → often begin families later and sometimes not at all, OR, countries industrialized → raising children is more expensive → decreased fertility rate.

• Social: young women gain more education → spend more time in school → delay marriage and childbirth → decreased fertility rate → decrased population growth (eg. Ghana)