History Final
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100 Terms
Who founded the first permanent English settlement in America?
John Smith
Why was the Mayflower Compact important?
It created a self-government agreement.
In what year was the Declaration of Independence written?
1776
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Who controlled the original 13 colonies?
Britain
What did the Boston Tea Party protest?
Taxes on tea.
When did the Revolutionary War end?
1783
What did the Treaty of Paris (1783) end?
The Revolutionary War.
What were the Articles of Confederation?
The first U.S. Government.
In what year was the Constitution written?
1787
What did the Constitution replace?
The Articles of Confederation.
Who was the first President of the U.S.?
George Washington.
How many amendments are in the Bill of Rights?
10.
Who created the 3 branches of government?
The Constitution.
What does checks and balances mean?
Each branch limits the other's power.
What is federalism?
Sharing power between states and the national government.
What does the Supreme Court interpret?
Laws and the Constitution.
In which case was judicial review established?
Marbury v. Madison.
What does the Constitution begin with?
'We the People'.
What is an amendment?
A change to the Constitution.
Who made the Louisiana Purchase?
Thomas Jefferson.
What did Lewis and Clark explore?
The West.
What does Manifest Destiny mean?
The U.S. should expand westward.
Where did the Gold Rush happen?
California.
What was the Oregon Trail used for?
Traveling west.
What did the Mexican-American War end with?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
When did the U.S. gain territory from Mexico?
1848.
What did the Homestead Act give?
Free land to settlers.
How did railroads help?
Transportation and trade.
When was the Transcontinental Railroad completed?
1869.
Who fought in the Civil War?
The North and South.
When did the Civil War begin?
1861.
Who was President during the Civil War?
Abraham Lincoln.
What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
Freed enslaved people in Confederate states.
What did the 13th Amendment abolish?
Slavery.
When did the Civil War end?
1865.
What was Reconstruction?
The period after the Civil War.
What does the 14th Amendment grant?
Citizenship and equal rights.
What does the 15th Amendment protect?
Voting rights regardless of race.
When did Reconstruction end?
1877.
What did the Industrial Revolution increase?
Factory production.
Who was the leader of the steel industry?
Andrew Carnegie.
Who was the leader of the oil industry?
John D. Rockefeller.
Who developed mass production?
Henry Ford.
What was Ellis Island used for?
Processing immigrants.
When did immigration increase?
Late 1800s and early 1900s.
What does urbanization mean?
Growth of cities.
Why were labor unions created?
To improve working conditions.
What does monopoly mean?
Control of an industry.
What does trust-busting refer to?
Breaking up monopolies.
When did WWI begin?
1914.
When did the U.S. enter WWI?
1917.
What treaty ended WWI?
Treaty of Versailles.
When did the Great Depression begin?
1929.
When did the stock market crash happen?
1929.
Who was President during the Great Depression?
Herbert Hoover.
Who created the New Deal?
Franklin D. Roosevelt.
When did WWII begin?
September 1, 1939.
When did the U.S. enter WWII?
After the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941.
When did WWII end?
1945.
Who was involved in the Cold War?
The United States and the Soviet Union.
What was NATO created for?
To provide collective security against the Soviet Union.
What did the Berlin Wall symbolize?
The iron curtain which was the division of Europe.
When did the Korean War end?
July 27, 1953.
When did the Vietnam War end?
April 30, 1975.
What did the Civil Rights Movement fight for?
To abolish legalized racial segregation, discrimination, and disenfranchisement of African Americans in the U.S.
Who was Martin Luther King Jr.?
Baptist minister and Civil Rights activist.
When did Brown v. Board end?
1954.
What did Watergate lead to?
Resignation of President Richard Nixon.
Where did the 9/11 attacks happen?
New York.
What type of government does the U.S. have?
Constitutional federal representative democracy.
What does the Bill of Rights protect?
Individual liberties, civil rights, and limits government power.
What is the supreme law of the land?
The Constitution of the United States.
What is the voting age in the U.S.?
18.
Who is considered a Founding Father of the Constitution?
James Madison.
How many stars does the U.S. flag have?
50.
What is the capital of the U.S.?
Washington, D.C.
Where is freedom of speech found?
In the first amendment.
What is the right to vote called?
Suffrage.
How many states does the U.S. have?
50.
In what year was the U.S. Constitution signed?
1787.
What does the First Amendment protect?
Religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
What is the legislative branch?
The part of the U.S. government that makes federal laws, declares war, and controls taxing and spending policies.
Who leads the executive branch?
The President of the United States.
What does the judicial branch include?
The Supreme Court of the United States and a system of lower federal courts.
What do civil rights protect?
Individuals from discrimination and ensures equal treatment.
How can the Constitution be changed?
By two-thirds of Congress to propose changes and three-fourths of state legislatures (or conventions) to ratify them.
What does immigration mean?
The international movement of people to a destination country of which they are not natives or citizens to reside there permanently or long-term.
What does patriotism mean?
Love and support for your country.
What does democracy mean?
A system of government where power is vested in the people.
What followed Reconstruction?
The Civil War.
What caused the Great Depression?
Unemployment and poverty.
Who was President during WWII victory?
Harry S. Truman.
What is the U.S. government based on?
The Constitution.
Declaration of Independence was in?
1776
The civil war was between who?
The North and South
What did the industrial revolution increase?
Factory Production
When did WWII end
1945
Who was involved in the Cold War
The U.S and Soviet Union
Civil Rights movement fought for what?
Equal Rightsg