ACES RBT Lecture Review

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering ABA principles, assessment types, behavior functions, measurement procedures, and professional ethics based on the ACES RBT lecture transcript.

Indirect Assessment

A type of Functional Assessment where the function of behavior is hypothesized by the assessor based on anecdotal accounts from others who directly observed the behavior.

Stimulus Preference Assessment

An assessment used to identify which stimuli a client prefers, often conducted before a reinforcer assessment.

Progressive Ratio Reinforcer Assessment

A method to assess how reinforcing a stimulus is by increasing the amount of work required to receive the stimulus until the behavior stops.

Paired Stimulus Assessment

A trial-based preference assessment method where the RBT presents two stimuli at a time and instructs the client to choose one.

Naturalistic Free Operant Observation

Observing a client engage with stimuli in a natural setting (such as at home after school) without intervention to determine preferences.

Single Stimulus Assessment

A trial-based preference assessment where one stimulus is presented at a time, and the duration of engagement is recorded to determine preference.

Multiple Stimulus with Replacement (MSW)

A trial-based preference assessment where three or more stimuli are presented; after the client selects and engages with one, the item is placed back into the array alongside new stimuli.

Multiple Stimulus without Replacement (MSWO)

A trial-based preference assessment where three or more stimuli are presented; after the client selects an item, it is removed from the array, and the assessor presents the remaining choices.

Functional Assessment

A process used to assess the Function of Behavior for an existing client behavior to determine the "why" behind it.

Individualized Assessment

A curriculum-based assessment used to assess a client's skills compared to the average development of skills in the same age-group.

Reinforcer Assessment

An assessment used to determine how reinforcing a preferred stimulus is and if it is effective in increasing behavior.

Concurrent Schedule Reinforcer Assessment

An assessment where a client performs the same task for two different preferred stimuli to measure which one evokes an increased response.

Multiple Schedule Reinforcer Assessment

An assessment where a reinforcer is provided in a non-contingent setting and then in a contingent setting to determine its effectiveness.

Function of Behavior

Explains the motivation behind a behavior, including the goal the person is trying to achieve and the kind of reinforcement they are seeking.

Experimental [Functional] Analysis

A Functional Assessment where the function is hypothesized after manipulating environmental conditions (Control, Alone, Attention, Demand) and recording behavior.

Descriptive Assessment

A type of Functional Assessment where the function of behavior is hypothesized based on the Antecedent and Consequence of a behavior.

Social Positive Reinforcement

A function of behavior commonly referred to as Attention Seeking or Access to Tangibles.

Social Negative Reinforcement

A function of behavior commonly referred to as Escape or Avoidance.

Automatic Positive Reinforcement

A function of behavior commonly referred to as Sensory Stimulation.

Automatic Negative Reinforcement

A function of behavior commonly referred to as Pain Attenuation.

Motivating Operation [MO]

A type of Antecedent Intervention that changes the reinforcement value of a stimulus to change the client's motivation for engaging in a behavior.

Establishing Operation [EO]

A motivating operation that establishes a stimulus as a reinforcer, typically through deprivation.

Abolishing Operation [AO]

A motivating operation that removes the reinforcement value of a stimulus, often through satiation.

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior [DRA]

Reinforcing a replacement behavior that is not the target behavior but fulfills the same function.

Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior [DRI]

Reinforcing a behavior that cannot be physically performed at the same time as the target maladaptive behavior.

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors [DRO]

Reinforcing any behavior that is not the target behavior; the target behavior is placed on extinction.

Differential Reinforcement of Low Rate [DRL]

Reinforcing a client for engaging in a target behavior less frequently than a specified high rate.

Extinction Procedure

The process of no longer reinforcing a behavior that was previously reinforced.

Extinction Burst

A predictable increase in behavior immediately following the implementation of a new extinction procedure.

Spontaneous Recovery

When a client begins engaging in a behavior again after it had previously stopped due to an extinction procedure.

Objective

Language that is observable and measurable without the influence of bias.

Personal Health Information [PHI]

Identifying information about a client's health, which must be protected and stored under dual lock.

Behavior

Any living organism's directly observable and measurable actions or physical functions.

Environment

The context or setting in which a behavior occurs.

Permanent Product Recording

Taking data on a behavior based on physical evidence indicating the behavior occurred, without necessarily observing the behavior itself.

Frequency

A continuous measurement procedure where every instance of a behavior is counted.

Duration

A continuous measurement procedure that uses a timer to measure the length of time from the onset of a behavior to its offset.

Latency

A continuous measurement procedure recording the length of time between a cue (sD) and the start of a response.

Inter-response Time [IRT]

A continuous measurement procedure recording the length of time between two successive responses.

Partial Interval Recording

A discontinuous measurement procedure where an interval is marked "Yes" if the target behavior occurs at any point during the interval.

Whole Interval Recording

A discontinuous measurement procedure where an interval is marked "Yes" only if the target behavior occurs for the entire length of the interval.

Momentary Time Sampling

A discontinuous measurement procedure where an interval is marked "Yes" only if the target behavior occurs at the very end of the interval.

Trials to Criterion

A measurement of the number of trials completed from the implementation of a program until mastery is achieved.

Discrete Categorization

Also known as "Coding," it involves classifying responses into discrete categories such as severity or location.

Percent Occurrence

Calculated as (Number of Independent Responses / Number of Opportunities) $\times$ 100.

Rate

A data measurement of the frequency of a behavior over a specific period of time.

Naturalistic Teaching

A teaching procedure used in environments where behaviors naturally occur, using stimuli and strategies that mimic natural scenarios.

Discrete Trial Training [DTT]

A controlled teaching procedure using steps such as Mass Trial, Distractor Trial, Random Rotation, Expanded Trial, and Maintenance/Generalization.

Pivotal Response Training [PRT]

A naturalistic teaching method that uses play to teach foundational developmental behaviors.

Incidental Teaching

A naturalistic strategy used to implement teaching procedures by incorporating a client's individual interests and natural motivations.

Stimulus Generalization

The extent to which a target behavior occurs in a different environment, with different people, or with different materials than where it was originally learned.

Response Generalization

The extent to which a client performs a variety of functional responses in addition to the specific learned response.

Conditioned Reinforcement

A stimulus that acts as a reinforcer because it has been paired or associated with an unconditioned reinforcer; also called Secondary reinforcement.

Unconditioned Reinforcement

A stimulus that functions as a reinforcer without prior learning or training, such as food or water; also called Primary reinforcement.

Fixed Ratio [FR]

An intermittent schedule of reinforcement requiring a set, unchanging number of behaviors before reinforcement is given.

Variable Ratio [VR]

An intermittent schedule of reinforcement requiring an average number of behaviors before reinforcement is given.

Fixed Interval [FI]

An intermittent schedule of reinforcement requiring a behavior to occur after a set, unchanging amount of time.

Variable Interval [VI]

An intermittent schedule of reinforcement requiring a behavior to occur after an average amount of time.

Stimulus Control Transfer

The process of transitioning the control of a behavior from one stimulus (such as a prompt) to another stimulus (such as the natural cue).

Token Economy System

A system for delayed reinforcement where clients earn tokens to be exchanged for a predetermined desired reinforcer.

Prompting

A form of assistance or antecedent intervention given to a client to encourage a desired response and reduce frustration.

Prompting Hierarchy

The order of prompts from least intrusive (Visual/Positional/Material) to most intrusive (Physical).

Stakeholder

Any significant person in the client's life, such as parents or teachers, who has a vested interest in the client's ABA therapy.

Dual Relationship

When a professional has more than one type of relationship with a client, family member, or supervisor, which is generally prohibited in ABA.