Neurons and Neuron models- Human Body System

Dendrite

Detects the stimulus.

Cell Body

Center of the neuron. Contains organelle like the nucleus

Nucleus

Controlling cellular processes.

Axon

Carries the message from the cell body to the terminals (End of the cell).

Axon Hillock

Staging area of message at it prepares to be sent by the cell body to the next neuron.

Axon Terminal

Where neurotransmitters jump from to get to the next neuron.

Myelin Sheath

Made of neurilemma and Schwann cells that protect and insulate the axon.

Schwann cells

Produce myelin sheath around the axon (Type of Glial cell).

Nodes of Ranvier

Provide a “speed boost” for the message as it moves down the axon.

Synapse

The space between two nerve cells.

Neurotransmitters

Chemicals that move across synapse to the next neuron.

Sensory Neuron

Long Dendrites

Short Axon

Motor Neuron

Short Dendrite

Long Axon

Sensory Neuron Transmit Signals…

Towards the central nervous system

Motor Neuron Transmit Signals…

Away from the central nervous system.

Sensory Neurons Carry Signals…

From sensory organs like the eyes, ears, and skin.

Motor Neurons Carry Signals…

To muscles and/or glands

Sensory Neurons…

“Sense” the Stimuli

Motor Neurons…

“Move” the Muscles

What do Sensory Neurons do with signals?

They receive signals with long dendrites and send the signal to the CNS(Central Nervous System).via short axon.

What do Motor Neurons do with signals?

They send signals from the CNS(Central Nervous System). to muscles/glands with a long axon