Chemistry Final Exam All Terms

mole / mol (ch.10)

the amount of a substance that contains, large amount of representative particles in a substance

Avogadro’s number (ch.10)

6.02 × 10²³ (1 Mole)

Molar Mass (ch.10)

mass (in grams) of 1 mole

STP (ch.10)

volume of a gas usually measured

0 Degrees Celsius

Pressure of 101.3 kPa / 1 atm

Molar Volume (ch.10)

22.4L per 1 mole of gas at STP

Percent Composition

Relative amounts of elements in a compound

Empirical Formula (ch.10)

lowest whole-number ratio of elements

How to Calculate Molar Mass (ch.10)

How to Calculate Percent Composition

1. Find Molar Mass of each and find the Total

2. Divide each molar mass by total

3. Multiply by 100

4. You get % of Each

Converting with mole map (ch.10)

Convert .43 mol H2O to _____g H2O

starting with moles you multiply on top

use molar mass of H2O

Converting with mole map (ch.10)

2.13×10 ^ 24 Br2 Molec. to ____L Br2

use avogadro’s number (6.02 × 10^ 23) but this time it is on bottom because you go to moles

Multiply by 22.4 L to get it to liters

Calculating Empirical Formula (ch.10)

1. Convert the % to a regular number with decimal

2. Divide it by it’s own molar mass

3. Round to the nearest whole number

4. Whole number = the amount of element in that formula

Calculating Molecular Formula (ch.10)

1. DIvide the element molar mass by the molecular mass

2. the Molecular Mass/Molar Mass

Chemical Equation (ch.11)

an expression representing a chemical reaction: the “recipe”

Conservation of Mass (ch.11)

matter/mass cannot be created or destroyed

Reactant (ch.11)

left side, the “ingredients”

Product (ch.11)

right side, what was “made”

Coefficient (ch.11)

full size number in front of a chemical formula

How to balance a chemical equation (ch.11)

Synthesis/combination (ch.11)

A + B ⟶ C

Two or more substances react to form one

Decomposition (ch.11)

D ⟶ E + F

single compound broken down into two or more

Single Replacement (ch.11)

M + AB ⟶ MB + A (m replaced A)

one element replaces a second element

Double Replacement (ch.11)

AB + CD ⟶ AD + CB

an exchange of two compounds

Combustion (ch.11)

hydrocarbon + oxygen reaction

CH + O

Phase Symbol (ch.11)

(s) = solid

(l) = liquid

(g) = gass

(aq) = dissolved in water

Yields (ch.11)

forms / produces

Catalyst (ch.11)

speeds up a reaction (not used up)

Diatomic Molecules (ch.11)

chemical structures made up exactly of two atoms

How to write a Skeleton Equation and then Balance It (ch.11)

Precipitate (ch.11)

an insoluble reaction