Abbreviations and Symbols for Separation Methods

A comprehensive list of abbreviations and symbols used in separation methods, chromatography, and mass spectrometry based on the lecture notes.

HBz

Benzoëzuur

Kd

Distribution coefficient or partition coefficient

D

Distribution ratio

$$\beta$$

Separation factor

VW

Volume of aqueous phase

VO

Volume of organic phase

Dz

Dithizone

CCD

Counter-current distribution

SPE

Solid Phase Extractions

CLWE

Conditioning – loading – wash (rinse) – elute

GLC

Gas Liquid Chromatography

GSC

Gas Solid Chromatography

LSC

Liquid Solid Chromatography

LLC

Liquid Liquid Chromatography

PIC

Paired Ion Chromatography

IEC

Ion Exchange Chromatography

GPC

Gel permeation chromatography (gel filtration)

SEC

Size Exclusion Chromatography

AC

Affinity Chromatography

TLC

Thin Layer Chromatography

HPLTC

High Pressure Thin Layer Chromatography

HETP (H)

Height equivalent to a theoretical plate

A-term

Parameter for eddy diffusion

B-term

Parameter for longitudinal diffusion

C-term

Parameter for incomplete equilibrium setup

Cs

Parameter for incomplete equilibrium setup (stationary phase)

Cm

Parameter for incomplete equilibrium setup (mobile phase)

GC

Gas chromatography

WCOT

Wall Coated Open Tubular

SCOT

Support Coated Open Tubular

PLOT

Porous Layer Open Tubular

FSOT

Fused Silica Open Tubular

TCD

Thermal Conductivity Detector

FID

Flame Ionisation Detector

TID

Thermo-ionic detector

NPD

Nitrogen-phosphorus detector

FPD

Flame photometric detector

ECD

Electron Capture Detector

MS

Mass spectrometer

HPLC

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (Formerly: High Pressure Liquid Chromatography)

UPLC

Ultra-High Pressure liquid chromatography

PDA / DAD

Photo-diode-array / diode-array-detector

RI

Refractive Index

ELSD

Evaporative Light Scattering Detector

$$\epsilon_0$$

Solvent strength (polarity of mobile phase), eluotropic value, or eluent strength

DMCS

Dimethylchlorosilane

TMCS

Trimethylchlorosilane

NP-HPLC

Normal phase-packed HPLC

RP-HPLC

Reversed phase-packed HPLC or inverted phase-packed HPLC

IPC / PIC

Ion pair distribution chromatography

PS-DVB

Polystyrene-divinylbenzene

ICP

Inductively Coupled Plasma

FPLC

Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography

IEP

Isoelectric point

SEC-HPLC

Size Exclusion Chromatography HPLC

AMU

Atomic Mass Unit

SDS-PAGE

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate - Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

OPA

Orthoptaalaldehyde

Rf

Retardation factor ($A/F$, where $F$ is the solvent front)

Rx

Retardation factor ($A/x$, where $x$ is another substance)

$$\mu_e$$

Electrophoretic mobility

$$\mu_0$$

Electro-osmotic mobility

CZE

Capillary zone electrophoresis

EOF

Electro-osmotic flow

EFF

Electrophoretic flow

e-gram

Electropherogram

MECC

Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography

LoC

Lab on Chip technology

$$m/z$$

Mass-to-charge ratio

DIP

Direct Insert Probe

EI

Electron-Impact

CI

Chemical Ionisation

FI

Field Ionisation

FD

Field Desorption

FABS

Fast Atom Bombardment Spectra

SIMS

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

MALDI-TOF

Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation - Time of Flight analyzer

SSMS

Spark Source Mass Spectrometry

SIM

Selected Ion Monitoring

MIM

Multiple Ion Monitoring

FT-MS

Fourier Transform - Mass Spectrometry

GS-MS

Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry

LC-MS

Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry

ICP-MS

Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry

TSP

Thermospray

ESI

Electrospray Ionisation

APCI

Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation

API

Atmospheric Pressure Ionisation

Nd-YAG-laser

Neodymium - Yttrium Aluminium Garnet - laser