Nigeria NEE

Why is Nigeria important regionally?

Fastest-growing economy in Africa, highest farm output, most populous country (~202 million), diverse economy.

Why is Nigeria important globally?

GDP of $440 billion (2021), Africa's largest oil producer, exports around 2 million barrels of oil daily.

What caused Nigeria's economic growth?

Discovery of oil in the Niger Delta in the 1950s.

Why is Nigerian oil valuable?

Known as 'Sweet Oil' with low sulphur content.

What are the risks of Nigeria depending on oil?

Fluctuating oil prices, growth of renewable energy, potential depletion of oil supplies in about 50 years.

How is Nigeria's economy changing?

Less reliance on primary industry, growth of manufacturing and services.

What products are manufactured in Nigeria?

Processed foods, textiles, leather goods, soap and detergents.

How has manufacturing helped Nigeria?

Creates jobs, provides secure incomes, increases tax revenue, attracts foreign investment.

What is a TNC?

A Transnational Corporation operates in multiple countries.

Why do TNCs invest in developing countries?

Lower labour costs, government incentives, higher profits.

What benefits has Shell brought to Nigeria?

65,000 direct jobs, 250,000 indirect jobs, significant contracts to Nigerian companies.

What environmental problems has Shell caused?

Oil spills, water pollution, soil degradation, air pollution from gas flaring.

What is gas flaring?

Burning unwanted natural gas from oil extraction, releasing toxic fumes.

What is the NNPC?

Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, monitors the oil industry.

Which trading groups is Nigeria a member of?

ECOWAS, OPEC.

How has Nigeria's political position changed?

Stable government since 1999, greater global influence due to oil reserves.

Which countries invest in Nigeria?

South Africa, USA, China.

What social inequalities exist in Nigeria?

Wealth disparity between north and south, urban areas have better services.

What is Boko Haram?

An Islamic extremist group hindering development and causing instability.

What is Nollywood?

Nigeria's film industry, the second largest in the world.

Why does Nigeria receive aid?

High poverty levels, high infant mortality, low life expectancy.

How much aid does Nigeria receive?

About 4% of all aid to Africa, around US$5 billion.

Name examples of aid projects in Nigeria.

Aduwan Health Centre, Nets for Life, AIDS/HIV education programmes.

Problems with international aid?

Corruption, mismanagement, dependency.

Environmental impacts of urban growth in Nigeria?

Traffic congestion, air pollution, squatter settlements.

Why is the Niger Delta one of the most polluted places on Earth?

Oil spills, gas flaring, ecosystem destruction.

Key oil spill facts for Nigeria.

2008/09 Bodo spills affected 20 km², Shell reported 1,010 leaks since 2011.

What causes most oil spills today?

75% are caused by theft and sabotage.

How has economic development improved quality of life?

More jobs, higher incomes, better housing.

How has Nigeria's HDI changed?

Increased from below 0.47 in 2005 to about 0.539 today.

How has life expectancy changed in Nigeria?

From 45.66 years (1980) to 55.02 years (2020).

Key education statistics for Nigeria.

Literacy rate: 62%, average schooling: 9 years.

Key technology statistics for Nigeria.

70%+ own a mobile phone, 38% have internet access.

What challenges still face Nigeria?

Corruption, poverty, ethnic conflict, poor healthcare access.