(Ch. 28) Promise and Turmoil - The 1960s:

What were the candidates' backgrounds in the 1960 election?

Nixon was a Quaker from California involved in the Hiss Trial and the Checkers speech, while Kennedy was a Catholic from Massachusetts and a war hero.

What marked the significance of the 1960 election campaign?

The first-ever televised debates significantly influenced public perception.

What was the outcome of the 1960 presidential election?

Kennedy won the popular vote by just over 100,000 votes and secured 303 electoral votes against Nixon's 219.

What does Kennedy's term 'Camelot' symbolize?

An idealistic vision of his administration, portraying it as a golden age of hope and initiatives.

What was the main focus of Kennedy's 'New Frontier' policy?

Federal support for education, healthcare, and urban renewal to tackle social issues.

What ambitious goal did Kennedy set in his Moon Speech?

To land an American on the moon by the end of the 1960s.

What was the purpose of the Peace Corps established in 1961?

To provide technical assistance and promote peace in developing countries.

What was the consequence of the Bay of Pigs Invasion?

It was a significant embarrassment for Kennedy and heightened Cold War tensions.

What was the key doctrine of Kennedy's foreign policy called?

Flexible response, allowing a range of military actions.

What tragic event happened on November 22, 1963?

Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, leading to an investigation by the Warren Commission.

What was Johnson's primary goal during his presidency?

To expand the reforms of the New Deal, seeking greater social equity.

What was the purpose of the Office of Economic Opportunity established in 1964?

To address poverty through education and job training programs.

What characterized Johnson's campaign against Goldwater in 1964?

Stark ideological differences and innovative campaign tactics, including the 'Daisy' ad.

What landmark legislation did the Great Society reforms introduce for healthcare?

Medicare provided health insurance for elderly Americans.

What significant event did the Freedom Rides of 1962 challenge?

Local segregation laws and customs in the Southern United States.

What landmark legislation was passed in 1964 to enhance voter access?

The 24th Amendment prohibited poll taxes in federal elections.

What was Malcolm X's famous phrase urging political participation?

'The Ballot or the Bullet'.

What did the Watts Riots of 1965 highlight?

Racial inequalities and police brutality in Los Angeles.

What were the outcomes of the Civil Rights Movement after King's assassination?

Achieved landmark federal legislation, yet continued systemic racism required ongoing struggle.