Theories Quiz 10

Motor Learning, Motor Control & Skills Aquisition

Motor Control Theories

NDT, Rood, PNF, Brunnstorm

2nd most used FOR, originally developed for children with CP, later addressed hemiplegia caused by CVA, hierarchal model of motor control, neuroplasticity, importance of person and context, normal movement patterns, skilled movement is determined by specific functional goal, key points of control are used to inhibit or facilitate abnormal synergistic patterns

NDT

sensorimotor approach, motor patterns are developed from fundamental patterns and reflexes that are refined and controlled as individual matures, motor responses follow a proximal to distal recovery pattern, sensory stimulation used to normalize tone

Rood

grounded in reflex and hierarchal movement patterns, developmental sequencing of movement patterns and balanced interplay of agonist/antagonist in volitional movement, extremity patterns of movement are rotational and diagonal in nature, brain knows total movement patterns (not individual), development proceeds in proximal distal direction, patterns of movement are broken down into diagonal planes of movement

PNF

relearning occurs in a specific sequence, spasticity and flaccidity are viewed as necessary intermediate steps in regaining volitional movement, tactile/proprioceptive input influences motor control, use available reflexes, synergy patterns are primitive movements that dominate reflex and voluntary effort when spasticity is present following a CVA

Brunnstorm

- fast brief stimulus produces a large synchronous movement
- fast repetitive stimulus produces a maintained response
- low rhythmical, repetitive sensory input deactivates the body and works as inhibitory
- icing, vibration, joint compression are other techniques used to provide sensory input

Rood’s Rules of Sensory Input

grounded in reflex and hierarchal movement patterns, developmental sequencing of movement patterns and balanced interplay of agonist/antagonist in volitional movement, extremity patterns of movement are rotational and diagonal in nature, brain knows total movement patterns (not individual), development proceeds in proximal distal direction, patterns of movement are broken down into diagonal planes of movement

PNF

relearning occurs in a specific sequence, spasticity and flaccidity are viewed as necessary intermediate steps in regaining volitional movement, tactile/proprioceptive input influences motor control, use available reflexes, synergy patterns are primitive movements that dominate reflex and voluntary effort when spasticity is present following a CVA

Brunnstrom

restoration of skilled voluntary movement for both children and adults with either developmental or neurological acquired conditions, considered a preparatory or problem solving approach, done to client without active participation from the client

NDT

reductionism, hierarchal, bottom up, began incorporating ADLs, used in combination

Theoretical Base of NDT

restoration of voluntary movement unrelated to occupation

reductionism

normal growth and development

need a good understanding of sequence of normal development

helpful in identifying baselines in areas of motor control

Motor milestones

observed during first year of life

Reflex hierarchies

primitive reflexes, could reappear after injury to the brain

attitudinal reflexes

appear at 3 to 6 months, help to realign the body when it is turned or rotated and reposition the head in response to gravity

righting reflexes