Joint Articulations and Structure

These flashcards cover key concepts related to joint articulations and structures in the human body, providing a comprehensive review for exam preparation.

What part of the femur articulates with the tibia?

Medial and lateral condyles of the femur.

What part of the tibia articulates with the femur?

Medial and lateral condyles of the tibia.

Does the femur articulate with the fibula?

No.

What articulates at the proximal tibiofibular joint?

Head of fibula with lateral condyle of tibia.

Which bone of the foot articulates with the tibia and fibula?

Talus.

What part of the talus articulates with the tibia?

Trochlea of the talus.

What articulates with the medial malleolus?

Medial surface of talus.

What articulates with the lateral malleolus?

Lateral surface of talus.

Which bone lies inferior to the talus?

Calcaneus.

Which joint is formed between the talus and calcaneus?

Subtalar joint.

Which bone articulates anteriorly with the talus?

Navicular.

Which joint is formed between the talus and navicular?

Talonavicular joint.

Which tarsals articulate with metatarsals?

Cuneiforms (1st–3rd) and cuboid (4th–5th).

Which carpals articulate with the forearm?

Scaphoid and lunate.

Which carpals articulate with metacarpals?

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.

What articulates with the head of the radius?

Capitulum of the humerus.

What articulates with the trochlea of the humerus?

Trochlear notch of ulna.

What forms the acromioclavicular joint?

Acromion of scapula with clavicle.

What forms the sternoclavicular joint?

Manubrium of sternum with clavicle.

What forms the glenohumeral joint?

Glenoid fossa with head of humerus.

What type of joint allows the greatest movement in the body?

Synovial joint.

What covers the ends of bones in a synovial joint?

Articular (hyaline) cartilage.

What is the function of articular cartilage?

Reduces friction and absorbs shock.

What is the joint cavity?

Space between bones in a synovial joint.

What fills the joint cavity?

Synovial fluid.

What is the function of synovial fluid?

Lubricates and nourishes cartilage.

What surrounds a synovial joint?

Joint (articular) capsule.

What are the two layers of the joint capsule?

Fibrous layer and synovial membrane.

What is the function of the fibrous layer?

Provides strength and stability.

What is the function of the synovial membrane?

Produces synovial fluid.

What are ligaments?

Connect bone to bone.

What is the function of ligaments?

Stabilise joints and limit movement.

What are menisci or articular discs?

Fibrocartilage pads in some joints.

What is the function of menisci?

Improve joint fit and absorb shock.

What are bursae?

Fluid-filled sacs near joints.

What is the function of bursae?

Reduce friction between tissues.

What do tendons connect?

Muscle to bone.

How do tendons help synovial joints?

Provide dynamic stability.

Are all structures present in every synovial joint?

No.

What is the main function of a synovial joint?

Allow movement with minimal friction.