Lower Digestive System

Section 2

2

What is the function of the small intestine?

Chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients

How are proteins and sugars absorbed?

Blood capillaries to hepatic portal system

How are fats absorbed?

Lymphatic capillaries through lymphatic system

Circular folds/intestinal villi/microvilli

Chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients

Absorptive cells

digest and absorb nutrients from chyme

Intestinal glands

secrete digestive enzymes

Duodenal glands

secrete alkaline mucus to buffer acidic chyme

Goblet cells

secrete an alkaline mucous coat

How do Peyer's patches and Paneth cells protect the gut?

Prevents bacterial infection and helps regulate bacterial flora

What is the function of the large intestine?

Finish absorbing nutrients and eliminate feces

Epiploic appendages

play a role in immune system

Taeniae coli

peristalsis

Liver

Stores and releases glucose, Detoxifies and cleans the blood

Hepatocytes

cells that provide the secretory and metabolic functions in the liver

Hepatic portal vein

carries deoxygenated, nutrient-rich blood to the liver

Bile

To emulsify lipids in small intestine

Gallbladder

Store, concentrate, and release bile into duodenum

Pancreas

Secretes pancreatic juice into duodenum

Pancreatic juice

mixture of digestive enzymes and bicarbonate

Where does bile get its yellow color from?

Bilirubin

What are a few important jobs of your gut microbiome?

Digestion , Supplying nutrients, Food cravings, and Mood