Textile, Clothing and Fashion Lecture Notes

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering safety, careers, equipment, management principles, fashion terminology, design elements, and textile science from the Form 3 Textile, Clothing and Fashion notes.

First aid

The help given to a sick or injured person until full medical treatment is available.

Managers

Responsible for leading the company and making final decisions.

Supervisors

Responsible for overseeing other employees.

Engineers

Responsible for designing and operating or repairing machinery.

Quality control team

Responsible for maintaining high standards in the product or service.

Fashion designers

Responsible for designing garments.

Pattern makers

Responsible for constructing pattern pieces based on the prescribed design.

Cutters

Responsible for cutting out pattern pieces.

Finishers

Responsible for neatening.

Machine operator

Responsible for operating the machines.

Entry level qualifications

Necessary skills, certification or qualities one must possess to enter into the industry.

1 yard

$$36\,\text{inches}$$

1 meter

$$35\,\text{inches}$$

Scissors

Tools with even handles used to cut thread, etc.

Shears

Tools with uneven handles, usually longer than scissors, used to cut fabric only.

Planning

The principle where management should plan ahead of time to give workers a goal to work towards.

Organizing

The division of work where employees are specialized to do specific tasks through a clear method.

Motivating

The principle where workers should possess the discipline to do their share and the organization promotes team spirit.

Controlling

Managers have the authority to give orders and responsibility, while employees have only one direct supervisor.

Coordinating

Teams with the same objective working under the direction of one manager using one plan.

Communicating

The clear transfer of ideas to keep all workers on track.

Conflict resolution

A process where a dispute or disagreement between two parties is solved or brought to an agreement.

Style

A distinctive appearance based on a design.

Fashion

A popular trend in style, dress, etc.

Ensemble

A coordinated outfit or costume.

Fad

A particular short lived trend in fashion.

Vogue

The prevailing style of fashion.

Silhouette

The outline of an object against a lighter background; the shape or outline that an outfit gives the body.

Haute couture

High quality fashion clothes.

Classics

Long lived styles of recognized and standard value.

Ball gown

A silhouette fitted in the chest that flares at the waist into a very full, often multilayered, skirt.

A-Line

A silhouette with a fitted chest and torso and a slight flare that creates an overall body shape like the letter A.

Slim-line/ Sheath

A form-fitting silhouette from the bust through the length of the thighs, recommended for slimmer women.

Mermaid/Trumpet

A silhouette fitted through the chest and torso to the knee, at which point it flares out dramatically.

Hourglass

A silhouette characterized by a fitted waistline that emphasizes the curves of the feminine figure.

Empire

A dress with a waistline raised to directly beneath the bust and a skirt that flares slightly downward.

Line

A long narrow mark or band used to add visual length (vertical) or width (horizontal).

Shape

The two-dimensional outline of an object created by combinations of lines enclosing space.

Form

A three-dimensional representation that consists of length, width, and breadth.

Texture

How a surface feels or appears to feel.

Emphasis

The focal point or center of interest of a garment that draws attention to one dominant area.

Rhythm

The feeling of movement created by line, color, or shape that causes eyes to move smoothly across a design.

Proportion

The relationship of size, weight, spaces, and shapes of one part to another and to the whole.

Balance

The distribution of visual weight on clothing, which can be symmetrical (formal) or asymmetrical (informal).

Harmony

Variety in design where each piece enhances the other and everything works well together.

Accessories

Items that accent clothes, such as shoes, belts, hats, jewelry, neckties, and scarves.

Wardrobe planning

The careful thought process put into choosing, mixing, and matching clothes to meet clothing needs.

Temporary stitches

Stitches like basting or tacking that are always removed after they have served their purpose.

Permanent stitches

Stitches including joining, neatening, and decorative stitches that remain for the life of the garment.

Fiber

Hair-like structures that can be twisted together to form yarns.

Staple fibers

Short fibers.

Filament fibers

Long fibers.

Yarn

Thread spun together that can be used to weave, knit, or sew.

Fibre Blends

Fabrics with two different fiber contents in the yarns.

Fibre mixture

Fabrics that have yarn of one fiber content on the warp and yarn of a different fiber content on the weft.

Denier

The mass per $9000\,\text{meters}$ of yarn.

Weaving

The interlacing of warp and weft threads at a right angle to each other.

Knitting

Fabric construction involving the interlacing of loops using specific needles; results in stretchy fabric.

Warp

Yarns that run vertically on woven fabric.

Weft

Yarns that run horizontally on woven fabric.

Selvedge

The self-neatened edge of the fabric resulting from fabric construction.

Bias

The woven piece of fabric $45^{\circ}$ from the warp or weft.

Wale

The horizontal row of yarns in a knitted fabric.

Course

The vertical column of stitches in a knit fabric.

Lyocell

A new fiber made from the cellulose fibers of bleached wood pulp; durable, versatile, and absorbent.

Geotextiles

Permeable textiles used in soil for reinforcement, filtration, protection, and drainage.

CAD

Computer Aided Design; software used to replace conventional garment sketching for better visual representation.

CAM

Computer Aided Manufacturing; software used for the construction of garments and electronic pattern printing.