Español 4 Superior - Examen Final Semestre II Grammar Review

Practice flashcards covering Spanish level 4 grammar topics including various subjunctive forms, future, conditional, and perfect tenses as outlined in the Semester II final exam guide.

Lección 4

Las generaciones en movimiento

Lección 5

Las riquezas naturales

Lección 6

El valor de ideas

Lección 7

Perspectivas laborales

UWEIRDO

An acronym for mnemonic triggers of the subjunctive: Uncertainty, Wishes, Emotions, Impersonal expressions, Recommendations, Doubt, and Ojalá.

ESCAPAA

An acronym for conjunctions that always require the subjunctive: En caso de que, Sin que, Con tal (de) que, Antes de que, Para que, A menos que, and A fin de que.

En caso de que

In case (of).

Sin que

Without.

Con tal (de) que

Provided that.

A fin de que / Para que

In order that or so that.

Antes de que

Before.

A menos que

Unless.

El futuro endings

The endings added to the infinitive for the future tense: $-é$, $-ás$, $-á$, $-emos$, and $-án$.

Irregular future/conditional stem: caber

cabr-

Irregular future/conditional stem: decir

dir-

Irregular future/conditional stem: hacer

har-

Irregular future/conditional stem: poder

podr-

Irregular future/conditional stem: poner

pondr-

Irregular future/conditional stem: querer

querr-

Irregular future/conditional stem: saber

sabr-

Irregular future/conditional stem: salir

saldr-

Irregular future/conditional stem: tener

tendr-

Irregular future/conditional stem: venir

vendr-

El condicional

A tense expressing what 'would' happen, formed by adding $-ía$, $-ías$, $-ía$, $-íamos$, or $-ían$ to the infinitive.

El imperfecto del subjuntivo

The past subjunctive, formed by taking the 3rd person plural preterite, removing '-ron', and adding $-ara$, $-aras$, $-ara$, $-áramos$, or $-aran$.

Como si

A phrase meaning 'as if' that is always followed by the past subjunctive.

El presente perfecto

A tense meaning 'has' or 'have' + past participle, using the present indicative forms of haber: he, has, ha, hemos, han.

Irregular Past Participle: abrir

abierto

Irregular Past Participle: decir

dicho

Irregular Past Participle: escribir

escrito

Irregular Past Participle: hacer

hecho

Irregular Past Participle: morir

muerto

Irregular Past Participle: poner

puesto

Irregular Past Participle: resolver

resuelto

Irregular Past Participle: romper

roto

Irregular Past Participle: ver

visto

Irregular Past Participle: volver

vuelto

El presente perfecto de subjuntivo

Formed by the present subjunctive of haber (haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayan) and a past participle.

El pluscuamperfecto

The pluperfect tense meaning 'had' + past participle, using the forms: había, habías, había, habíamos, habían.