A-Level Chemistry - Organic Chemistry Synthesis (Products, Reagents, & Conditions)
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40 Terms
Reactant: Alkane
Reagent: Halogen (X2)
Conditions: UV light
Reactant: Alkene
Reagent: Halogen (X2) or Hydrogen Halide (HX)
Conditions: Room temperature and pressure
Reactant: Alkene
Reagent: Hydrogen Gas
Conditions: Nickel/Platinum Catalyst
Reactant: Alkene
Reagent: Steam (H2O)
Conditions: Conc. Phosphoric Acid + Heat + Pressure
Reactant: Alcohol
Reagent: PCl3 (1 for every three Alcohol)
Conditions: Heat
Reactant: Alcohol
Reagent: PCl5
Conditions: Room temperature
Reactant: Alcohol
Reagent: SOCl2
Conditions: Room conditions
Reactant: Halogenoalkane
Reagent: Aqueous NaOH
Conditions: Under Reflux
Reactant: Halogenoalkane
Reagent: Solution of KCN in Ethanol
Conditions: Heated under reflux
Reactant: Halogenoalkane
Reagent: Ammonia dissolved in ethanol
Conditions: Heat and Pressure
Reactant: Halogenoalkane
Reagent: Ethanolic NaOH
Conditions: Heat
Reactant: Alkene
Reagent: Dilute KMnO4 (aq)
Conditions: Cold
Reactant: Aldehyde/Ketone
Reagent: NaBH4 / LiAlH4
Conditions: Warmed / In Dry Ether
Reactant: Alcohol
Reagent: Hydrogen Halide (HX)
Conditions: Acidic Conditions
Reactant: Carboxylic Acid
Reagent: Alcohol
Conditions: Acidic (H2SO4)
Reactant: Alcohol
Reagent: None
Conditions: Al2O3 Catalyst + Heat
Reactant: Primary/Secondary Alcohol
Reagent: Potassium Dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
Conditions: Heat + Dilute Acidic Conditions (Dilute H2SO4)
Reactant: Primary Alcohol / Aldehyde
Reagent: Excess Potassium Dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
Conditions: Heat + Reflux + Dilute Acid (Dilute H2SO4)
Reactant: Nitrile
Reagent: Dilute HCl + H2O
Conditions: Reflux
Reactant: Carboxylic Acid
Reagent: LiAlH4
Conditions: In Dry Ether
Reactant: Aldehyde/Ketone
Reagent: HCN generated from KCN in Acid
Conditions: Heat
2,4-DNPH
Positive Test (Aldehydes & Ketones): Deep orange precipitate
Negative Test: No precipitate
Positive Test (Aldehydes): A silver mirror is formed as a result of Ag+ being reduced to Ag Atoms
Negative Test: Remains a Clear Solution
Positive Test (Aldehydes): An orange-red precipitate is formed as Cu2+ ions are reduced to Cu+ ions
Negative Test: Remains a Blue Solution
Positive Test (Carbonyl group at second position): A yellow precipitate is formed as CHI3 is created
Negative Test: No precipitate
Reactant: Benzene
Reagent: Bromine (Br2)
Conditions: Anhydrous AlBr3 Catalyst
Reactant: Methylbenzene
Reagent: Chlorine Gas
Conditions: Anhydrous AlCl3 Catalyst
Reactant: Benzene
Reagent: Concentrated Nitric Acid
Conditions: Heat + Concentrated Sulfuric Acid
Reactant: Benzene
Reagent: Halogenoalkane
Conditions: Al(X)3 Catalyst + Heat
Reactant: Benzene
Reagent: Acyl Chloride
Conditions: AlCl3 Catalyst + Heat
Reactant: Benzene
Reagent: Hydrogen (3H2)
Conditions: Nickel/Platinum Catalyst
Reactant: Carboxylic Acid
Reagent: PCl3 (One for every three carboxylic acids)
Conditions: Heat
Reactant: Carboxylic Acid
Reagent: PCl5
Conditions: None
Reactant: Carboxylic Acid
Reagent: SOCl2
Conditions: None
Reactant: Nitrile
Reagent: Hydrogen Gas / LiAlH4
Conditions: Nickel Catalyst / In Dry Ether
Reactant: Amide
Reagent: LiAlH4
Conditions: In Dry Ether
Reactant: Nitrobenzene
Reagent: HCl followed by NaOH
Conditions: Tin + Reflux
Reactant: Phenylamine
Reagent: HNO2/NaNO2
Conditions: Acidic (HCl)
Reactant: Acyl Chloride
Reagent: Concentrated Ammonia
Conditions: None
Reactant: Diazonium Chloride
Reagent: Water
Conditions: Warm