Q-Z Psych Vocab Words

Qualitative Research

research using non numerical data

Quantitative Research

research using numerical data

Random Assignment

assigning participants to groups by chance

Random Sample

selecting participants randomly from population

Range

difference between highest and lowest values

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

therapy changing irrational thoughts

Recall Recognition Relearning

memory retrieval methods

Recency Effect

remembering last items best

Reciprocal Determinism

behavior cognition and environment influence each other

Reciprocity Norm

expectation to return favors

Reconsolidation

updating stored memories

Reflex

automatic response

Refractory Period

time before neuron can fire again

Regression

returning to earlier behavior

Regression toward the Mean

extreme scores move toward average

Reinforcement

strengthening a behavior

Reinforcement Schedules

patterns of rewarding behavior

Relational Aggression

harming others through relationships

Reliability

consistency of results

REM Sleep

dream sleep stage

REM Rebound

increased REM after deprivation

REM Sleep Disorder

acting out dreams

Replication

repeating a study

Representative Heuristics

judging based on similarity

Repression

blocking distressing memories

Repression and False Memories

creating inaccurate memories

Resistance

blocking awareness of anxiety thoughts

Respondent Behavior

automatic responses to stimuli

Reticular Formation

controls arousal

Retina

light sensitive layer of eye

Retinal Disparity

difference between eye images for depth

Retrograde Amnesia

loss of past memories

Reuptake Degradation Uptake

neurotransmitter removal processes

Role

expected behavior in a position

Rorschach Inkblot Test

projective personality test

Rumination

repetitive negative thinking

Saccadic Eye Movement

quick eye jumps

Sampling Bias

unrepresentative sample

Saturation

intensity of color

Savant Syndrome

exceptional skill with disability

Scaffolding

support for learning

Scapegoat Theory

blaming others for problems

Scatterplot

graph showing relationship

Schacter Singer Theory

emotion from arousal and label

Schema

mental framework

Schizophrenia Chronic and Acute

severe disorder affecting thinking

Seasonal Affective Disorder

depression linked to seasons

Secondary Reinforcer

learned reward

Secure Attachment

stable emotional bond

Selective Attention

focusing on specific stimuli

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

drugs increasing serotonin

Self

sense of identity

Self Actualization

reaching full potential

Self Concept

beliefs about self

Self Determination Theory

motivation from autonomy competence relatedness

Self Disclosure

sharing personal information

Self Efficacy

belief in ability

Self Esteem

self worth

Self Fulfilling Prophecy

belief causing itself to become true

Self Report Bias

inaccurate self reporting

Self Serving Bias

attributing success to self failure to others

Self Transcendence

focus beyond self

Semantic Encoding

encoding meaning

Semantic Memory

memory of facts

Sensation

detecting stimuli

Sensation Seeking

desire for excitement

Sensitive Period

optimal time for learning

Sensorineural Hearing Loss Deafness

damage to inner ear or nerve

Sensory Adaptation

reduced sensitivity over time

Sensory Interaction

senses influence each other

Sensory Interdependence

combined sensory processing

Sensory Memory

brief sensory storage

Sensory Neurons

carry signals to brain

Sensory Receptors

detect stimuli

Separation Anxiety

distress when separated

Sequential Processing

step by step processing

Serial Position Effect

remembering first and last items

Set Point

body weight regulation level

Seven Sins of Memory

common memory errors

Sex Biological

biological differences

Sexual Aggression

forced sexual behavior

Sexual Orientation

attraction preference

Sexual Response Cycle

stages of sexual response

Sexuality

sexual feelings and identity

Shallow vs Deep Processing

surface versus meaningful encoding

Shaping

reinforcing successive steps

Signal Detection Theory

detecting signals amid noise

Single Blind Procedure

participants unaware of condition

Size Constancy

perceiving size as constant

Skinner

behaviorist known for operant conditioning

Skewed Distribution

uneven data spread

Sleep

state of rest

Sleep Apnea

breathing interruption during sleep

Social Anxiety

fear of social situations

Social Clock

cultural timeline for events

Social Comparison

comparing self to others

Social Desirability Bias

responding to appear favorable

Social Exchange Theory

relationships based on costs and rewards

Social Facilitation

improved performance in presence of others

Social Identity

sense of group membership